tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-58541410528656811112024-03-19T09:42:06.659+01:00El blog para preparar el "writing" de la Escuela Oficial de Idiomas
Aquí encontrarás las claves para aprobar la prueba de expresión escrita de inglés de la EOIEl Blog para preparar el "writing" de la EOIhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16021124569609792366noreply@blogger.comBlogger27125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5854141052865681111.post-71762319860680188532015-01-02T22:46:00.001+01:002015-01-02T23:24:35.704+01:00Phrasal verbs. Part 4. By<span style="font-size: large;">Hi there,</span><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;">Oops, it's been quite a while, but I'm back with more phrasal verbs. Hope you enjoy this post.</span><b><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="color: #990000;"><br /></span></span></b><br />
<b><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="color: #990000;">By:</span></span></b><span style="color: #0b5394;"><b><span style="font-size: x-large;"> next to, close to.</span></b></span><br />
<span style="color: #0b5394;"><b><span style="font-size: x-large;"><br />
</span></b></span> <b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #38761d;">CALL BY:</span></span></b><b><span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="color: #6aa84f;"> </span></span></b><b><span style="color: #38761d;"><span style="font-size: large;">"</span></span></b><b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #38761d;">to visit somewhere for a short while on your way to somewhere else".</span></span></b><span style="color: #0b5394;"><b><span style="font-size: x-large;"> </span></b></span><b><span style="color: #741b47;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></span></b><span style="font-size: small;">Hacer una visita de paso. <b><span style="color: #741b47;">Synonyms: pay a visit, come by, drop by, call round, come round, drop round.</span></b></span><span style="color: #0b5394;"><b><span style="font-size: x-large;"><br />
</span></b></span><br />
<b><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Do you want me to call by tomorrow?</i></span></b><span style="color: #0b5394;"><b><span style="font-size: small;"> </span></b></span><span style="font-size: small;">¿Quieres que me pase mañana?</span><span style="color: #0b5394;"><b><span style="font-size: x-large;"><br />
</span></b></span><br />
<i><span style="font-size: small;"><b>I just thought I'd call by on my way into town=</b></span></i><span style="font-size: small;">Se me ocurre que podría pasarme de camino al centro.</span><span style="font-size: small;"><br />
</span><br />
<span style="color: #0b5394;"><b><span style="font-size: x-large;"><br />
</span></b></span> <b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #38761d;">G</span></span></b><b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #38761d;">ET BY: "to get past an obstacle with difficulty"</span></span></b><b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #38761d;">,</span></span></b><span style="color: #0b5394;"><b><span style="font-size: x-large;"> </span></b></span><b><span style="color: #38761d;"><span style="font-size: large;">"surviving a hard life"</span></span></b><b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #38761d;">.</span></span></b><span style="color: #0b5394;"><b><span style="font-size: x-large;"> </span></b></span><span style="font-size: small;">Buscarse la vida, salir adelante, arreglárselas, apañárselas</span><span style="font-size: small;"><b><span style="color: #741b47;">.Synonyms: cope, subsist, manage on, get along.</span></b></span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgQEncBhCzRz8rhpQuERYFbX4K57RwKPWcKwhrrZerh5WHKNN5hPpEKrCS3wbQ0vUhUxgjknTLTPtgMmNu8DLyaBsuIm1DjvzZX1PqYNtzYvWzuqkfHg64UM-ojyI-WyBBzv2NI09o_yhQ/s1600/i-get-by-with-a-little-help-from-my-friends-8.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgQEncBhCzRz8rhpQuERYFbX4K57RwKPWcKwhrrZerh5WHKNN5hPpEKrCS3wbQ0vUhUxgjknTLTPtgMmNu8DLyaBsuIm1DjvzZX1PqYNtzYvWzuqkfHg64UM-ojyI-WyBBzv2NI09o_yhQ/s1600/i-get-by-with-a-little-help-from-my-friends-8.jpg" height="191" width="320" /></a></div>
<b>How can he get by on so little money?=</b>¿Cómo puede arreglárselas con tan poco dinero?<b><br />
</b><br />
<span style="color: #0b5394;"><b><br />
</b></span> <b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #38761d;">GO BY: "to move past, in space or time</span></span></b><b><span style="color: #38761d;">"</span></b><b>.</b><span style="font-size: small;"> Pasar (por un lugar, el tiempo)</span><span style="color: #0b5394;"><b>. </b></span><b><span style="color: #741b47;">Synonyms: pass.</span></b><span style="color: #0b5394;"><b><br />
</b></span><br />
<span style="color: #0b5394;"><b><br /></b></span>
<span style="color: #0b5394;"><b> </b></span> <i><b>You can watch the trains going by from this window=</b></i>Puedes ver los trenes pasar desde esta ventana.<i><b><br />
You can't let an opportunity like that go by - it's too good to miss= </b></i>No puedes dejar pasar una oportunidad así, es demasiado buena para perderla.<i><b><br />
Hardly a day goes by when I don't think about her=</b></i>No pasa un día sin que piense en ella.<i><b><span style="color: #0b5394;"><br />
</span></b></i><span style="color: #0b5394;"> </span><span style="color: #0b5394;"><b> </b></span> <span style="color: #0b5394;"><b><br />
</b></span><span style="color: #0b5394;"><b> </b></span> <span style="color: #0b5394;"><b>Can you hear this phrasal verb on this song? </b></span><br />
<span style="color: #0b5394;"><b><br />
<br />
<iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="315" src="//www.youtube.com/embed/RM1UF3qvL9g" width="560"></iframe><br />
</b></span> <span style="color: #0b5394;"><b><br />
</b></span> <span style="color: #0b5394;"><b> </b></span> <span style="color: #0b5394;"><b><br />
</b></span> <span style="color: #0b5394;"><b><br />
</b></span> <b><span style="color: #38761d;"><span style="font-size: large;">PUT BY: " to save an amount of money to use later".</span></span></b> Ahorrar, guardar, reservar, apartar (dinero). <b><span style="color: #741b47;">Synonyms: Put away, put aside, set aside.</span></b><br />
<b><i><br />
</i></b> <br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjE2H8j-o4WR_mdgdIxfIBNedcvNMOXayCHFLmraBIH7H6ujjq15NfzjRaWOi8BVJF4f-qBqTE4asESwnCWE6imFkZZiPK_cTR0pPEssofByahmTJtqcB2YuIf4hZMEtia1ARPml_1bEy0/s1600/sstory.jar.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjE2H8j-o4WR_mdgdIxfIBNedcvNMOXayCHFLmraBIH7H6ujjq15NfzjRaWOi8BVJF4f-qBqTE4asESwnCWE6imFkZZiPK_cTR0pPEssofByahmTJtqcB2YuIf4hZMEtia1ARPml_1bEy0/s1600/sstory.jar.jpg" height="173" width="200" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b><i>I try to put by a few pounds every week=</i></b>Procuro ahorrar unas cuantas libras cada semana.</span> </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjTLvJhuHluzNTvtMDEc6d6NRCIhURgW2mmBKpG2A5GLwNTUqBvv8fJssAaMIAEtLQHKE8u2vMsPT_t68a02Cu7mfll4NcJP42j4LZxO6iszpkJBJP42oUSChe_fPLhsFfIZUtMKcKxrD4/s1600/images1.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjTLvJhuHluzNTvtMDEc6d6NRCIhURgW2mmBKpG2A5GLwNTUqBvv8fJssAaMIAEtLQHKE8u2vMsPT_t68a02Cu7mfll4NcJP42j4LZxO6iszpkJBJP42oUSChe_fPLhsFfIZUtMKcKxrD4/s1600/images1.jpeg" height="200" width="200" /></a></div>
<span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #38761d;">STAND BY: "to be waiting and ready to do something or to help". </span></b></span><span style="font-size: small;">Mantenerse a la espera, estar listo/preparado.</span><b><span style="color: #741b47;"><span style="font-size: small;"> Synonyms:</span></span></b><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #38761d;"> </span></b></span><b><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: #741b47;">Await, wait, hang on/round, be ready.</span></span></b><br />
<br />
<i><b><span style="font-size: small;">Cabin crew, please stand by for take-off=</span></b></i><span style="font-size: small;">Personal de tripulación, por favor prepárense para el despegue.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #38761d;">STAND BY SOMEBODY: "to continue to support or help someone who is in a difficult situation". </span></b></span>Apoyar, respaldar, defender. <b><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: #741b47;">Synonyms: support, back.</span></span></b><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #38761d;"><i><br /></i></span></b></span>
<b><span style="font-size: small;"><i>She has vowed to stand by her husband during his trial=</i></span></b><span style="font-size: small;">Ha jurado apoyar a su marido en el juicio.</span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #38761d;"><br /></span></b></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #38761d;"><br /></span></b></span>
<b>This phrasal verb can be easily remembered through this well-known song:</b><span style="color: #0b5394;"><b><br />
</b></span> <span style="color: #0b5394;"><b><br />
</b></span><iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="315" src="//www.youtube.com/embed/BTCfQ6Bb8QE" width="560"></iframe><br />
<span style="color: #274e13;"><br /></span>
<b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #38761d;">STAND BY SOMETHING: " to continue doing what you said you would when you made a decision, agreement, or promise", " to continue to believe that something you have said before is still true". </span></span></b><span style="font-size: small;">Atenerse, mantener (una decisión, acuerdo o promesa).<b><span style="color: #741b47;"> Synonyms: maintain, abide by (formal), keep to, comply, adhere to.</span></b></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><b><span style="color: #741b47;"><br /></span></b></span>
<b><i>Despite its financial problems, the company is standing by the no-redundancy agreement=</i></b><span style="font-size: small;">A pesar de sus problemas económicos, la empresa se atiene al acuerdo de no reducción de plantilla.</span><span style="font-size: small;"><b><span style="color: #741b47;"><br /></span></b></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><b><i>I stand by the statement I made earlier - there is no reason for the minister to resign=</i></b></span><span style="font-size: small;">Mantengo lo que dije antes: que no hay razón para que dimita el ministro.</span><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span>
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj2UYJrVYCrqXllhmRw0yk7cdhCrpbfCNpTcxpGMRs5TE9hJcPbiUzxd75rls_pGbcL1sz7Iqvejx_RbQ-zqipK7CFTHehk5E_lYP_g4uSefoBnT6jTkNLdY3SIoEO3iEFQrh4Mj0t8q_A/s1600/Don't%2Blet%2Bsomeone%2Belse's%2Bopinion%2Bchange%2Bthe%2Bway%2Byou%2Bfeel%2Babout%2Bsomething%2Balways%2Bstand%2Bby%2Bwhat%2Byou%2Bbelieve%2Bin.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj2UYJrVYCrqXllhmRw0yk7cdhCrpbfCNpTcxpGMRs5TE9hJcPbiUzxd75rls_pGbcL1sz7Iqvejx_RbQ-zqipK7CFTHehk5E_lYP_g4uSefoBnT6jTkNLdY3SIoEO3iEFQrh4Mj0t8q_A/s1600/Don't%2Blet%2Bsomeone%2Belse's%2Bopinion%2Bchange%2Bthe%2Bway%2Byou%2Bfeel%2Babout%2Bsomething%2Balways%2Bstand%2Bby%2Bwhat%2Byou%2Bbelieve%2Bin.png" height="400" width="275" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #990000;"><b>Do you agree with this?</b></span></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span>El Blog para preparar el "writing" de la EOIhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16021124569609792366noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5854141052865681111.post-71729988467302621882014-04-17T12:23:00.003+02:002015-04-15T18:18:40.516+02:00Phrasal verbs. Part 3. AWAY<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: x-large;"><b><span style="color: #990000;">Away: </span></b><b><span style="color: #351c75;">"somewhere else, or to or in a different place, position, or situation so that you never see it again".</span></b></span></div>
<span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #274e13;"><br />
</span></b></span> <span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #274e13;">BLOW SB AWAY </span></b></span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #274e13;">:</span></b></span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #351c75;"> </span></b></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: #274e13;">1)</span> </span> <span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #274e13;">To surprise or please someone very much:</span></span><span style="font-size: small;"> ( Informal</span><span style="font-size: small;">).</span><span style="font-size: small;"> Flipar, molar, alucinar.</span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgFsXe4cuwAMhS-yAxQuf5mLAdLxV4VKzY4geOSnkYeFv_UMPMNYaGwVcyhwEfZ6VOHxavoRwdfrloQfQVaSusaor9cKtkZih3W6r2b923XF2ejdJGtS2UhzOUt7BZL4a2qHg9KJEJZBh4/s1600/Shock.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgFsXe4cuwAMhS-yAxQuf5mLAdLxV4VKzY4geOSnkYeFv_UMPMNYaGwVcyhwEfZ6VOHxavoRwdfrloQfQVaSusaor9cKtkZih3W6r2b923XF2ejdJGtS2UhzOUt7BZL4a2qHg9KJEJZBh4/s1600/Shock.jpg" height="200" width="182" /></a></div>
<b><span style="color: #4c1130;"><span style="font-size: small;">Synonyms: impress, knock sb out</span></span></b><b><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: #4c1130;">, please</span></span></b><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #351c75;">.</span></b></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #351c75;"><br />
</span></b></span> <b><span style="font-size: small;">The ending will blow you away: </span></b><span style="font-size: small;">Fliparás con el final.</span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #351c75;"><br />
</span></b></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #351c75;"><br />
</span></b></span> <span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #351c75;"><br />
</span></b></span> <span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #351c75;"><br />
</span></b></span> <span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #351c75;"><br />
</span></b></span> <span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #351c75;"><br />
</span></b></span> <span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #351c75;"><br />
</span></b></span> <span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: #274e13;">2)</span></span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #351c75;"> </span></b></span><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #274e13;">To kill a person by shooting them:</span></span><span style="color: #351c75;"><span style="font-size: small;"> </span></span><span style="font-size: small;">(Informal)</span><span style="font-size: small;">.</span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #351c75;"> </span></b></span><span style="font-size: small;">Cargarse a alguien, mandarlo al otro barrio.</span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #351c75;"> </span></b></span> <b><span style="color: #4c1130;"><span style="font-size: small;">Synonyms: knock sb off, </span></span></b><b><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: #4c1130;">polish sb off, pop sb off, rub sb out</span></span></b><b><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: #4c1130;">, do away with sb.</span></span></b><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #351c75;"><br />
</span></b></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><br />
</span> <span style="font-size: small;">This phrasal verb can be heard in this crazy song, but -hey- don't take its words too seriously!</span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><br />
</span><iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="315" src="//www.youtube.com/embed/ZvOgyJt_Xts" width="560"></iframe><br />
<b> Blow 'Em Away</b><br />
by Chuck Brodsky<br />
<br />
Every morning, I commute.<br />
Mild-mannered man. In a business suit.<br />
When I wanna come home at the end of my day<br />
There's all these other cars stacked up in my way.<br />
I pull up behind one<br />
Pull out my pistol<br />
Blow 'em away<br />
<br />
When I'm driving my car I just wanna go fast<br />
But there's this slow car, won't let me pass<br />
I flash my lights. I honk my horn.<br />
Well.... I have to consider him warned.<br />
I pull up behind him<br />
Pull out my pistol<br />
Blow 'em away<br />
<br />
Jesse James behind the wheel<br />
It's high noon in my automobile<br />
You call me crazy,<br />
You call me sick<br />
Yeah, I got to get to where I'm going to quick<br />
<br />
Son of a bitch, he cut me off.<br />
Three whole lanes he pulled across<br />
Made me mad. Made me swerve.<br />
Son of a bitch got what he deserved.<br />
I pulled up behind him<br />
Pulled out my pistol<br />
Blew 'em away.<br />
<br />
Oh, look<br />
Motorcycle, is riding between<br />
He's splittin' lanes, if you know what I mean<br />
This cuttin' in line that's an act of war<br />
I saw him comin'. I opened my door.<br />
Knocked him over<br />
Pulled out my pistol<br />
Blew 'em away<br />
<br />
Jesse James behind the wheel<br />
It's high noon in my automobile<br />
You call me crazy,<br />
You call me sick<br />
Yeah, I got to get to where I'm going to quick<br />
<br />
Little ol' lady, bless her heart.<br />
She's walkin' her poodle 'cross the boulevard.<br />
It was wearin' a red knitted sweater, little knitted hat<br />
Probably named "Fifi" or somethin' stupid like that!<br />
I say, "Here Fifi"<br />
Pulled out my pistol<br />
Blew it away.<br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #274e13;">GET CARRIED AWAY:</span></span></b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #274e13;"> "to become so excited about something that you do not control what you say or do"</span></span>. Emocionarse o entusiasmarse con algo y llevarlo al extremo, írsele a uno la olla. <b><span style="color: #4c1130;">Synonym: overdo</span></b>.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgPfN_vlxSpHNkfCMc4J2BqpCpbSsShyphenhyphengks-pvQxm2-9pX2NbG1TWXHQxPmSVahA5wwkS3DSB8EY0n5Jr492MAkJt8yDFw0BbNSyExSq4OaZl0OQAQhKHVX3aoF2WXF88HdV4wPBxXVouk/s1600/health-beauty-ward-transplant-carried_away-surgeons-operation-lgon108l.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgPfN_vlxSpHNkfCMc4J2BqpCpbSsShyphenhyphengks-pvQxm2-9pX2NbG1TWXHQxPmSVahA5wwkS3DSB8EY0n5Jr492MAkJt8yDFw0BbNSyExSq4OaZl0OQAQhKHVX3aoF2WXF88HdV4wPBxXVouk/s1600/health-beauty-ward-transplant-carried_away-surgeons-operation-lgon108l.png" height="203" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
Do you remember this video? If you watch it again, you'll hear this phrasal verb:<br />
<br />
<iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="315" src="//www.youtube.com/embed/U9RCvgS1kPY" width="560"></iframe><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #274e13;"><br />
</span></b></span> <span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #274e13;">GIVE SB AWAY:</span></b></span><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #274e13;">To show someone's secret feelings.</span></span> Delatar, "decirlo todo". <b><span style="color: #4c1130;">Synonyms:</span></b><b><span style="color: #4c1130;"> show, express, signify, make noticeable, reveal.</span></b><br />
<b>She thinks no one knows how much she likes him, but her face when I said he'd be there really gave her away: </b>Cree que nadie sabe que le gusta, pero cuando dije que él estaría allí, su cara le delató / lo dijo todo..<br />
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #274e13;">1)To tell people something secret, often without intending to. </span></span><span style="font-size: small;">Escapársele a uno, desvelar (un secreto). </span><span style="font-size: small;"><b><span style="color: #4c1130;">Synonym: </span></b></span><b><span style="color: #4c1130;">let sth slip.</span></b><br />
<b><i>The party was meant to be a surprise, but Sharon gave it away: </i></b>Se suponía que la fiesta era una sorpresa pero a Sharon se le escapó y lo dijo.<br />
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #274e13;">2) To give something to someone without asking for payment. </span></span><span style="font-size: small;">Regalar, donar, obsequiar. <b><span style="color: #4c1130;">Synonyms: grant, present, render.</span></b></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><b><i>Nobody wants this type of heater any more - I can't even give it away!</i></b></span><span style="font-size: small;"><b>: </b></span><span style="font-size: small;">Ya nadie quiere esta clase de calentador, no vale ni para regalar.</span><span style="font-size: small;"><b><span style="color: #4c1130;"><br />
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<span style="font-size: small;">Do you remember Red Hot Chili Peppers' <i>Give It Away</i> song? The meaning behind this song is all about the philosophy of altruistic behaviour. Apparently vocalist Anthony Kiedis was very touched when his former girlfriend, punk rock singer Nina Hagen, gave him her favourite jacket. She said, 'if you have a closet full of clothes and you try to keep them all, your life will get very small. But if you have a full closet and someone sees something they like, if you give it to them, the world is a better place.'</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;">Kiedis adopted Hagen's philosophy and later explained, 'it was such an epiphany that someone would want to give me her favorite thing. That stuck with me forever. Every time I'd be thinking 'I have to keep,' I'd remember 'No, you gotta give away instead.' </span><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: #4c1130;"><br />
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</span></span> <span style="font-size: small;">Here is the video:</span><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: #4c1130;"><br />
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This phrasal verb can also be heard on this video about tiny house builder Dee Williams' experience of living in a small house, a growing trend in the US: (<span style="font-size: x-small;">Clic <a href="http://www.pbs.org/wnet/need-to-know/uncategorized/need-to-know-transcript-july-30-2010/2648/">here</a> for the transcript)</span><br />
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<div style="background: transparent; color: grey; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 11px; margin-top: 5px; text-align: center; width: 512px;">
Watch <a href="http://video.pbs.org/video/1553961054" style="color: #4eb2fe !important; font-weight: normal !important; height: 13px; text-decoration: none !important;" target="_blank">The 'tiny house' movement</a> on PBS. See more from <a href="http://www.pbs.org/wnet/need-to-know/" style="color: #4eb2fe !important; font-weight: normal !important; height: 13px; text-decoration: none !important;" target="_blank">Need To Know.</a></div>
El Blog para preparar el "writing" de la EOIhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16021124569609792366noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5854141052865681111.post-2498765884458703672014-02-10T14:27:00.001+01:002014-04-17T12:30:11.060+02:00Phrasal verbs. Part 2. AFTER<span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="color: #990000;"><b>After</b>:</span><span style="color: #351c75;"> <b>"Later in time".</b></span></span><br />
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<b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #274e13;">ASK AFTER </span></span></b><b><span style="color: #274e13;"><span style="font-size: small;">SOMEBODY</span></span></b><span style="color: #351c75;"><b><span style="font-size: large;">: </span></b></span><span style="font-size: small;">Preguntar por alguien (su estado de salud)</span><span style="color: #351c75;"><b><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></b></span><br />
<b><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Tell your father I was asking after him: </i></span></b><span style="font-size: small;">Dile a tu padre que he preguntado por él.</span><br />
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<b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #274e13;">CALL AFTER / NAME AFTER: </span></span></b><span style="font-size: small;">Poner de nombre por (algo o alguien)</span><span style="color: #351c75;"><b><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></b></span><br />
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<i><b>John was named after his grandad: </b></i>Le pusieron John por su abuelo.<br />
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<span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #274e13;">COME AFTER<span style="font-size: small;"> </span></span></b></span><b><span style="color: #274e13;"><span style="font-size: large;">/ GO AFTER</span></span></b><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #274e13;">: </span></b></span><span style="font-size: small;">Perseguir, ir detrás de.</span><br />
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<b><i>The police went after him but he got away: </i></b>Fue perseguido por la policía pero consiguió escaparse.<br />
<b><i>My husband came after me for so long that I finally agreed to marry him: </i></b>Mi marido fue detrás de mí tanto tiempo que al final acepté casarme con él.<br />
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<span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #274e13;">TAKE AFTER </span></b></span><b><span style="color: #274e13;"><span style="font-size: small;">SOMEBODY</span></span></b><b><span style="color: #274e13;"><span style="font-size: large;">: </span></span></b><span style="font-size: small;">Parecerse a, salir a (alguien de la familia) </span><br />
<b><span style="font-size: small;"><i>He takes after his mother: </i></span></b><span style="font-size: small;">Ha salido a su madre.</span><b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #134f5c;"><br /></span></span></b>
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<b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #274e13;">LOOK AFTER</span></span><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #274e13;">:</span></span></b><b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #134f5c;"> </span></span></b><span style="font-size: small;">Cuidar, hacerse cargo de.</span><b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #134f5c;"><br /></span></span></b><br />
<b><span style="font-size: small;"><i>We look after the neighbours' cat while they're away: </i></span></b><span style="font-size: small;">Cuidamos del gato de los vecinos cuando están fuera.</span><b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #134f5c;"><br /></span></span></b>El Blog para preparar el "writing" de la EOIhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16021124569609792366noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5854141052865681111.post-34972295177221453612013-12-22T20:10:00.002+01:002013-12-23T11:08:03.501+01:00Phrasal verbs. Part 1. ABOUT<div style="text-align: justify;">
Los<i> phrasal verbs</i> suelen utilizarse más en el inglés hablado aunque también los podemos encontrar en el escrito. Suelen evitarse en situaciones y textos formales, en cuyo caso se recurre a sinónimos, la mayoría, y esta es la buena noticia para los hispanohablantes, provenientes del latín. Por ejemplo, en un contexto formal sería preferible utilizar 'tolerate' antes que' put up with' o 'increase' antes que 'go up' o 'enquire' antes que 'ask for'.</div>
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Sabemos que la manera más eficaz de aprenderlos es verlos en contexto, con lo que más que memorizar verbos sueltos es mejor memorizar frases completas o asociarlos a imágenes o historias o anécdotas que nos resulten significativas; o sencillamente no preocuparse en exceso por ellos, que a fuerza de leerlos y escucharlos en su contexto y utilizando la intuición ya se irán aprendiendo poco a poco. <a href="http://atlaslanguageschool.com/2013/07/5-ways-to-learn-phrasal-verbs/">Aquí </a>y <a href="http://www.hotenglishmagazine.com/how-to/how-to-learn-phrasal-verbs/our-top-tips">aquí</a> puedes encontrar <i>tips</i> útiles a este respecto. También recomiendo leer <a href="http://www.phrasalverbfun.com/2012/05/23/phrasal-verb-fun/"><i>Phrasal Verb Fun </i>de Peter Gray</a>.</div>
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Lo que nos proponemos para los próximos posts es proporcionar una herramienta de consulta de los <i>phrasal verbs</i>, en la que encontraremos el <i>phrasal verb</i> en contexto y un sinónimo como poco.</div>
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Para ello analizaremos las partículas, las cuales en ocasiones cambian totalmente el significado del verbo al que acompañan o tan solo añaden un matiz otras veces.</div>
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<b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #660000;">ABOUT: </span></span></b><br />
<b><br /></b> De entre todos sus posibles significados, los más utilizados para formar phrasal verbs son dos:<b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #660000;"><br /></span></span></b><br />
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<span style="font-size: x-large;"><span style="color: #20124d;">1) ' In many different directions' o 'around a place, often without a clear purpose or order, all over the place</span><span style="color: #0c343d;">'</span></span><span style="color: #0c343d;"> </span>(<i>US</i> <b><span style="color: #660000;">AROUND</span></b>):<br />
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<b><span style="color: #274e13;"><span style="font-size: large;">FALL ABOUT</span></span> </b>(UK informal): ' to laugh without being able to stop'. Partirse/caerse de risa.<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i><b><span style="font-size: large;">We fell about when we heard her reply.</span></b></i>
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<b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #274e13;">GET ABOUT</span></span></b> (<i>US </i><b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #274e13;">GET AROUND/ROUND</span></span></b>): <br />
'Move': <b><i>My gran is finding it harder to get about these days.</i></b><b><i><br /></i></b><br />
'Travel':<b><i> Spain last week and Germany this week - he gets about, doesn't he!</i></b><br />
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<b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #274e13;">PUT STH ABOUT/AROUND</span></span></b> (Informal)<b>:</b>'tell a lot of people something that is not true'. Extender un rumor o cotilleo.<br />
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<b><i>I'd like to know who put the rumour around that I'm pregnant.</i></b><b><i><br /></i></b><br />
<b><i>Someone's been putting it about that Dan is leaving.</i></b><br />
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<b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #274e13;">TURN STH ABOUT/AROUND/ROUND:</span></span></b> Revitalise (an unsuccessful business), dar la vuelta, revitalizar (un negocio).<br />
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<span style="color: #20124d;"><span style="font-size: x-large;">2) 'Almost now' o 'near here':</span></span><br />
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<span style="color: #274e13;"><span style="font-size: large;"><b>BE ABOUT TO</b>:</span></span> Be on the point of (doing sth), almost <b><i>We're about ready to leave.Well, I think that's about it for now (= we have almost finished what we are doing for the present).</i></b><br />
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<b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #274e13;">BRING STH ABOUT:</span></span> </b>Produce, cause, provocar, ocasionar, traer (cambio).<b><i> He brought about his company's collapse by his reckless spending</i></b>.(=Provocó la ruina de la empresa por su gasto desmedido)<b><i><br /></i></b><br />
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<span style="color: #274e13;"><span style="font-size: large;"><b>COME ABOUT:</b> </span></span>Happen, pasar, ocurrir<b><i>. How did the problem come about in the first place?</i></b><b><i><br /></i></b><br />
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<b><i><a href="http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/federal-eye/wp/2013/10/04/how-did-the-bill-for-shutdown-pay-come-about/">How did the bill for shutdown pay come about?</a> </i></b><span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/federal-eye/wp/2013/10/04/how-did-the-bill-for-shutdown-pay-come-about/">The Washington Post</a></span><b><i><br /></i></b><br />
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<b><i><span style="font-size: x-small;">Sources: Cambridge Online Dictionary, Phrasal Verb Fun by Peter Gray.</span></i></b></div>
El Blog para preparar el "writing" de la EOIhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16021124569609792366noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5854141052865681111.post-3109966267984550672013-11-17T20:25:00.001+01:002014-04-16T09:02:29.120+02:00Online workshop: English idiomatic expressions translated into Spanish - Part 10<br />
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Esta décima sesión es la última de nuestro taller bilingüe de frases hechas. Por supuesto, no están todas las que existen ni de lejos ya que la lista es interminable. Pero si quieres conocer más, pincha en los enlaces incluidos en el banco léxico. Espero que este taller te haya resultado útil y entretenido.</div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #274e13;">Chase your tail / Run around like a headless chicken=</span></b></span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;">Dar palos de ciego</span></b></span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;">, dar vueltas, andar a vueltas (para nada).</span></b></span><br />
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</span></b></span> <b><span style="font-size: small;"><i>I've been chasing my tail all day, but I haven't got anything done! What a waste of a day!</i></span></b><b><span style="font-size: small;"><i>:</i></span></b><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;"> </span></b></span><span style="font-size: small;">Llevo todo el día dando vueltas y sin lograr hacer nada.</span><span style="font-size: small;"> ¡Vaya día perdido!</span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;"><br />
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<b><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Organising a meeting for next week has been impossible. I've been chasing my tail trying to sort out a date, venue and agenda... I'll try again tomorrow!</i></span><span style="font-size: small;"><i>: </i></span></b><span style="font-size: small;">Ha sido imposible organizar una reunión para la semana que viene. He andado dando vueltas para fijar día, lugar y agenda pero al final nada. ¡Mañana volveré a intentarlo!</span><b><span style="font-size: small;"><i> </i></span></b><span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/language/2013/10/131017_todays_phrase_chasing_your_tail.shtml">BBCLearningEnglish</a></span><b><span style="font-size: small;"><i><br />
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</i></span></b> <b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #274e13;">Let/get somebody off the hook</span></span></b><b><span style="font-size: small;"> (informal)</span></b><b><i><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #274e13;">=</span></span></i></b><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;">Escaquearse, librarse de hacer algo. </span></b></span><b><span style="font-size: small;"><br />
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<b><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Homework has been a big problem this week. I'm definitely not going to get anywhere frantically trying to conjugate verbs half an hour before class. I also have a shameful confession to make: I cheated a bit and looked up the verbs online. I know, I know, I'm a terrible person. But I promise to start blocking out some time each week between class to dedicate to doing my homework properly.<br />
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Although I'm yet to actually sit down and do this week's homework (I'll get to it on the weekend, I promise), I'm letting myself off the hook because I've downloaded and been using an amazing language app in between class:</i></span></b><br />
<span style="font-size: small;">Esta semana los deberes</span><span style="font-size: small;"><i> (NT: de alemán)</i></span><b><span style="font-size: small;"><i> </i></span></b><span style="font-size: small;">han sido para mí un gran problema.</span><b><span style="font-size: small;"> </span></b><span style="font-size: small;">Desde luego que</span><span style="font-size: small;"> no voy a llegar a ninguna parte</span><span style="font-size: small;"> intentando conjugar los verbos como una loca media hora antes de clase</span><b><span style="font-size: small;">. </span></b><span style="font-size: small;">También</span><b><span style="font-size: small;"> </span></b><span style="font-size: small;">ten</span><span style="font-size: small;">go que confesar algo que me da vergüenza: Copié un poco los verbos de Internet. Ya sé, ya sé, soy lo peor. Pero prometo empezar</span><span style="font-size: small;"> </span><span style="font-size: small;">a hacer tiempo entre clases todas las semanas </span><span style="font-size: small;">para dedicarme a hacer los deberes como dios manda.</span> </div>
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<span style="font-size: small;">Aunque aún no me he sentado a hacer los deberes de esta semana (prometo que me pondré a ello el fin de semana), me estoy escaqueando porque me he descargado y estoy usando una increíble app de idiomas entre clase y clase. </span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://www.theguardian.com/education/2013/nov/01/cheated-homework-german-language-learning">The Guardian</a></span><span style="font-size: small;"><br />
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<span style="font-size: small;"><b><i>John's agreed to go to the meeting in my place, so that lets me off the hook: </i></b></span><span style="font-size: small;">John ha quedado en ir a la reunión en mi lugar, así que me he librado.</span><span style="font-size: small;"><br />
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<span style="font-size: small;"><b><i>Thanks for getting me off the hook. I didn't want to attend that meeting: </i></b>Gracias por librarme de asistir a la reunión. No quería ir.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><b><i>I couldn't get myself off the hook no matter what I tried: </i></b></span><span style="font-size: small;">No había manera de escaquearse</span><span style="font-size: small;"> por mucho que lo intentara.</span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #274e13;">Make a point of doing something=</span></b></span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;">Procurar, tratar de hacer algo</span></b></span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;">.</span></b></span><br />
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<b><i><span style="font-size: small;">She makes a point of keeping all her shopping receipts: </span></i></b><span style="font-size: small;">Procura guardar todos los tiques de compra.</span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;"><br /></span></b></span><br />
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<b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #274e13;">Drag your feet</span></span></b><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #274e13;">=</span></b></span><b><span style="color: #7f6000;"><span style="font-size: large;">Hacerse el remolón</span></span></b><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
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<b><i>But in the energy debate, there are better answers than any proffered by politicians, from Ed Davey's "greed speech" on Tuesday, in which he said that energy companies were starting to lose public trust and were seen to be reflecting the "greed that consumed the banks", to David Cameron's rather bashful suggestion that what the energy industry really needs is a policy review (nobody panic – this isn't foot-dragging; the prime minister said he wanted it "immediately"): </i></b>Pero<i> </i>en<b><i> </i></b>el debate energético hay mejores respuestas que cualquiera de las proferidas por los políticos, desde el "discurso de<b><i> </i></b>la avaricia" de Ed Davey el pasado martes, en el que afirmó que las energéticas empezaban a perder la confianza de la ciudadanía la cual las ven como un reflejo de "la avaricia que gastan los bancos", hasta la más bien apocada sugerencia de David Cameron de que lo que de verdad necesita la industria energética es una revisión de su política reguladora (que no cunda el pánico, no se está haciendo el remolón, el primer ministro dijo que lo haría "inmediatamente").<span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2013/nov/12/want-energy-revolution-think-beyond-big-six">The Guardian</a></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #274e13;">Be out of the woods </span></b></span><span style="font-size: small;"><b>(informal)</b></span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #274e13;">=</span></b></span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;">Estar fuera de peligro</span></b></span><br />
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<i><span style="font-size: small;"><b><u>Nelson Mandela home but not out of the woods, say friends and family</u><br /> Although the former South African president has been sent home from hospital, he is still in a critical and unstable condition</b></span></i><span style="font-size: small;">:</span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;"> </span></b></span></div>
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<u>Nelson Mandela en casa pero no fuera de peligro, declaran su familia y amigos</u><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;"><br /></span></b></span></div>
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Aunque el ex-presidente sudafricano ha sido dado de alta del hospital, su estado de salud sigue siendo crítico e inestable.<span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/sep/01/nelson-mandela-home-hospital-south-africa"> The Guardian</a></span><u><br /></u></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><b><i><u>Greek finance minister: 'we are out of the woods'</u></i></b></span><span style="font-size: small;"><b><i><br /></i></b></span><span style="font-size: small;"><b><i> Yannis Stournaras insists Greece is over the worst but says Europe needs to show beleaguered country more solidarity</i></b></span><span style="font-size: small;"><b><i>:</i></b></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><u>El ministro de economía de Grecia: "Estamos fuera de peligro"</u></span><span style="font-size: small;"><b><i><br /></i></b></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;">Yannis Stournaras insiste en que Grecia ha pasado lo peor pero sostiene que</span><span style="font-size: small;"> es necesario que </span><span style="font-size: small;">Europa</span><span style="font-size: small;"><u> </u></span><span style="font-size: small;">muestre más solidaridad con el atribulado país. </span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/mar/11/yannis-stournaras-greece">The Guardian</a></span><span style="font-size: small;"><u><br /></u></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><strong><span style="color: #274e13;">Ruffle sb's feathers=</span></strong></span><span style="font-size: x-small;"> </span><span style="font-size: large;"><strong><span style="color: #7f6000;">Levantar ampollas</span></strong></span><br />
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<span style="font-size: small;"><strong><em>European leaders have debated how to punish Russia for its actions in Crimea. But for many Germans, the key is not to ruffle Russian feathers: </em></strong></span><span style="font-size: small;">Los líderes europeos han debatido acerca de cómo sancionar a Rusia por su intervención en Crimea. Sin embargo, para muchos alemanes la clave es no levantar ampollas. </span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-26988891">BBC News</a></span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span>
El Blog para preparar el "writing" de la EOIhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16021124569609792366noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5854141052865681111.post-58598731469334045242013-10-17T14:34:00.000+02:002013-10-17T23:15:24.632+02:00Online workshop: English idiomatic expressions translated into Spanish - Part 9Aquí va la penúltima sesión del taller bilingüe de frases hechas. Espero que sean de tu interés:<br />
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</span></b></span> <span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #274e13;">Full of hot air=</span></b></span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;">Palabrería, hablar por </span></b></span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;">hablar.</span></b></span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;"><br />
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<b><i>My boss keeps promising to give me a pay rise but the extra money never comes. He is full of hot air!</i></b></div>
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Mi jefe no hace más que prometerme una subida de sueldo, pero la subida nunca llega. ¡Lo suyo es sólo palabrería!<br />
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</b><b><i>Some politicians are full of hot air. They never consider what's best for the nation. Their main concern is what's best for themselves: </i></b>Lo de algunos políticos es pura palabrería. No les importa lo que es mejor para el país. Su principal preocupación es qué es lo mejor para sí mismos<b><i>.</i></b><span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/language/2013/10/131001_todays_phrase_full_of_hot_air.shtml">BBC Learning English</a></span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;"><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #274e13;">Blow your own trumpet </span></b></span><b><span style="font-size: small;">(BrE)</span></b><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #274e13;"> / Blow your own horn </span></b></span><span style="font-size: small;"><b>(AmE)</b></span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #274e13;">=</span></b></span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;">No tener abuela, colgarse medallas, echarse flores, venderse.</span></b></span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #274e13;"><br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgjHcerXe8QJ8eCTLLS3sm99gp9Ad15Mgd7rJgRE67Mqc8PzPEKkhKJGB75rBmnm55fk0gT5JNOIg5X4J07IqiCKJIdVFYHNV2fDtKQig4gcAS65KhkeDglXpgX8IOHA6kWmwdCcZw6AqA/s1600/imag7b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="346" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgjHcerXe8QJ8eCTLLS3sm99gp9Ad15Mgd7rJgRE67Mqc8PzPEKkhKJGB75rBmnm55fk0gT5JNOIg5X4J07IqiCKJIdVFYHNV2fDtKQig4gcAS65KhkeDglXpgX8IOHA6kWmwdCcZw6AqA/s400/imag7b.jpg" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://www.pearsonelt.com.ar/?p=idiomatic-expressions&id=1178">Idiomatic expressions</a></td></tr>
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</span></b></span><b><i>An independent girls' school is holding a "blow your own trumpet" week to help over-pressured, high-achieving pupils who find it difficult to accept that they have been successf</i><i>ul: </i></b>Un colegio femenino independiente <span style="font-size: small;">está celebrando su semana de "échate flores" para ayudar a las alumnas de alto rendimiento y con exceso de presión a quienes resulta difícil aceptar sus logros. </span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/education-22280941">BBC News</a></span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;"><br />
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</span> <span style="font-size: small;"><b><i>How to... blow your own trumpet in interviews: </i></b></span><span style="font-size: small;">Cómo...venderse en las entrevistas de trabajo.</span><span style="font-size: x-small;"> <a href="http://www.theguardian.com/money/2002/jun/15/careers.students2">The Guardian</a></span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #274e13;"><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #274e13;">Take its / a toll (on)=</span></b></span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;">Pasar factura (a).</span></b></span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #274e13;"><br /></span></b></span><br />
<b><span style="font-size: small;"><i>The problems of the past few months have taken their toll on her health and there are shadows beneath her eyes</i></span><span style="font-size: small;"><i>: </i></span></b><span style="font-size: small;">Los problemas de los últimos meses le han pasado factura a la salud y tiene ojeras.</span><b><span style="font-size: small;"><i><br /></i></span></b><br />
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<b><span style="font-size: small;"><i>The deepening recession has also taken its toll in the south of the country, where unemployment is rife: </i></span></b><span style="font-size: small;">La recesión rampante también ha pasado factura en el sur del país, donde el desempleo está a la orden del día</span><b><span style="font-size: small;"><i>.</i></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-size: small;"><i>One of the worst droughts in living memory is taking its toll on both people and wildlife in Kenya: </i></span></b><span style="font-size: small;">Una de las peores sequías </span><span style="font-size: small;">que se recuerda</span><b><span style="font-size: small;"><i> </i></span></b><span style="font-size: small;">pasa factura tanto a los habitantes como a la fauna en Kenia. </span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/8265988.stm">BBC News</a></span></div>
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<i><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Technology Takes its Toll on Teen Sleep:</b> </span></i><span style="font-size: small;">La tecnología pasa factura al sueño de los adolescentes. </span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://aspeneducation.crchealth.com/article-teen-sleeping/">Education</a></span><i><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></i><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #274e13;"><a href="http://english.stackexchange.com/questions/61158/what-is-the-origin-of-rings-a-bell">Ring a bell</a>=</span></b></span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;">Sonarle /decirle a uno.</span></b></span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgzuk8lpBWY9gSIAKTOSNvkHfUC0z6Gqt7du_HTpSUns8_riM3a0-8qjjQAOiyI9mi92GpUxH1k67YtYKknt5J9nsxKcyP4dXIDfoAL94BrxABbtJcGREcM4yBtT2XDNiHrswaHkLG7Pqs/s1600/images6.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgzuk8lpBWY9gSIAKTOSNvkHfUC0z6Gqt7du_HTpSUns8_riM3a0-8qjjQAOiyI9mi92GpUxH1k67YtYKknt5J9nsxKcyP4dXIDfoAL94BrxABbtJcGREcM4yBtT2XDNiHrswaHkLG7Pqs/s1600/images6.jpeg" /></a></span></b></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><b><i>The name rang a bell but I couldn't remember where I had heard it before:</i></b> Me sonaba el nombre pero no recordaba dónde lo había oído.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><b><i>No, I'm sorry, that description doesn't ring any bells with me:</i></b> No, lo siento, esa descripción no me dice nada.</span></div>
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<i><span style="font-size: small;"><b>That rings a bell: </b></span></i><span style="font-size: small;">Eso me suena.</span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjV6CRmiIlBFlWpA11APnsW1k-7wkFNv740tJCCH7qmdBFNOr-u7F-wQr0V6h86nKppLTywY2_9U4a3xoLrOClMZtXjxuYcFt_Q4mwDk9fbguQjyYU1fjhdcG_bO-M1PC05g6nD4V6sCoE/s1600/images9.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="146" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjV6CRmiIlBFlWpA11APnsW1k-7wkFNv740tJCCH7qmdBFNOr-u7F-wQr0V6h86nKppLTywY2_9U4a3xoLrOClMZtXjxuYcFt_Q4mwDk9fbguQjyYU1fjhdcG_bO-M1PC05g6nD4V6sCoE/s320/images9.jpeg" width="320" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #274e13;">Ride (on) a wave=</span></b></span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;">Sacar provecho, aprovechar el tirón, sacar partido.</span></b></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><b><i>The candidate is riding on a wave of popularity and is expected to win the election: </i></b></span><span style="font-size: small;">El candidato está sacando partido de la popularidad y se espera que gane las elecciones.</span><span style="font-size: small;"> </span><br />
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<span style="font-size: small;"><b><i>British athletes rode a wave of patriotism during the London Olympics, winning more medals than the country ever had before: </i></b></span><span style="font-size: small;">Los atletas británicos sacaron provecho del patriotismo en las Olimpiadas de Londres ganando más medallas que nunca en su historia. </span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/language/2013/10/131010_todays_phrase_ride_a_wave.shtml">BBCLearning English</a></span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span><br />
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<span style="font-size: small;"><b><i>Restaurant investors ride the crest of a Mexican wave</i></b></span><span style="font-size: small;"><b><i>:</i></b></span><span style="font-size: small;"> Los inversores en restauración aprovechan el tirón de la demanda de la cocina mejicana.</span><span style="font-size: small;"> </span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/analysis-and-features/restaurant-investors-ride-the-crest-of-a-mexican-wave-8735022.html">The Independent</a></span><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span><br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiTIrNybeGkLwVus7v9Fcg6pI93jPPCR38pRW-sgpgeqAEQ9ct2GScBZIatT6Gi4GDIkAbm1Wx5mbIV8c1uEcLfTy0KGqOhaQjnOcVrQmNoUWnkQGolhI-lLQ5LvZbAsUgHewkAE3zSlj0/s1600/limelight-550.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="191" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiTIrNybeGkLwVus7v9Fcg6pI93jPPCR38pRW-sgpgeqAEQ9ct2GScBZIatT6Gi4GDIkAbm1Wx5mbIV8c1uEcLfTy0KGqOhaQjnOcVrQmNoUWnkQGolhI-lLQ5LvZbAsUgHewkAE3zSlj0/s200/limelight-550.jpg" width="200" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://idiomorigins.net/in-the-limelight/">Idiomorigins</a></td></tr>
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<b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #274e13;">In the limelight=</span></span></b><b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;">E</span></span></b><b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;">n el candelero</span></span></b><b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;">, el centro de atención, en el punto de mira.</span></span></b><i><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></i><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #274e13;">
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<b><span style="font-size: small;"><i>She's been in the limelight recently, following the release of her controversial new film: </i></span></b>
<span style="font-size: small;"> Recientemente ha estado en el candelero.</span>
<span style="font-size: small;">tras el estreno de su nueva y controvertida </span><span style="font-size: small;">película.</span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;"><br /></span></b></span></div>
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<b><i>Talks on bailout exit put Ireland back in European political limelight</i></b>: Conversaciones sobre la salida del rescate colocan a Irlanda de nuevo en el punto de mira de la política europea. <span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://www.irishtimes.com/news/world/europe/talks-on-bailout-exit-put-ireland-back-in-european-political-limelight-1.1563061">The Irish Times</a></span></div>
El Blog para preparar el "writing" de la EOIhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16021124569609792366noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5854141052865681111.post-83190621020490831502013-09-16T14:28:00.000+02:002013-10-02T21:10:10.249+02:00Online workshop: English idiomatic expressions translated into Spanish - Part 8Después de este paréntesis estival, retomamos el taller bilingüe de expresiones y frases hechas con la octava sesión:<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg3Q7aZRBaLjfsAeAF-0ARjTpV3KEvMPP7wwC8bSRuA2hz1asrQ5B8DYvBA8jYbZE_2AceLAvOkkmX0u414OJs96c4d4Sr3_3cDvpc5v4LHCu_iiERK8kzlgX1hpe-YL1UrKtMYqIipNtw/s1600/Turning_the_Corner_0912.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="133" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg3Q7aZRBaLjfsAeAF-0ARjTpV3KEvMPP7wwC8bSRuA2hz1asrQ5B8DYvBA8jYbZE_2AceLAvOkkmX0u414OJs96c4d4Sr3_3cDvpc5v4LHCu_iiERK8kzlgX1hpe-YL1UrKtMYqIipNtw/s200/Turning_the_Corner_0912.jpg" width="200" /></a></div>
<span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #274e13;">Turn the corner=</span></b></span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;">Superar el bache</span></b></span><br />
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<b><i>Willie Walsh has said that British Airways' Spanish sister airline Iberia had turned the corner, despite continued losses dragging the parent group €500m into the red in the first half of 2013: </i></b>Willie Walsh ha dicho que Iberia, la hermana española de British Airways, ha superado el bache, a pesar de las continuas pérdidas que han arrastrado al grupo a unos números rojos de 500 millones de euros en el primer semestre del 2013. <span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://www.theguardian.com/business/2013/aug/02/iberia-turned-corner-loss-willie-walsh-ba-iag">The Guardian</a></span></div>
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</span> <span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #274e13;">Have bigger / other fish to fry=</span></b></span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;">Tener cosas más importantes que hacer</span></b></span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;">.</span></b></span> <br />
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<b><i>Spain and Britain have bigger fish to fry, such as Spanish debt and the political upheavals in north Africa, to go digging around in treaties written 300 years ago: </i></b>España y Gran Bretaña tienen asuntos más importantes sobre la mesa, como la deuda española<span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;"> </span></b></span><span style="font-size: small;">así como</span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;"> </span></b></span>los conflictos políticos en el norte de África para andar a vueltas con tratados de hace 300 años. <span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2013/aug/05/gibraltar-a-real-distraction">The Guardian</a></span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;"><br />
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</span></b></span> <span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #274e13;">Lose the plot=</span></b></span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;">Perder la cabeza, írsele a alguien la cabeza, perder el norte.</span></b></span><br />
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</span></b></span> <b><i><span style="font-size: small;">I can't believe Stuart did that - he must be losing the plot: </span></i></b><span style="font-size: small;">No me puedo creer que Stuart hiciera eso, debe estar perdiendo la cabeza.</span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;"><br />
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<i><b>Biofuels: have we lost the plot?<br />
There are more than enough sources of fuel without us going out of our way to develop biofuels that distract us from abolishing hunger, say our readers in this week's letters: </b></i><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;"><br />
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Biocombustibles: ¿Hemos perdido el norte?</div>
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Hay más que suficientes fuentes de combustible sin necesidad de salirnos del camino al desarrollar biocombustibles que nos distraigan de erradicar el hambre, dicen nuestros lectores en sus cartas de esta semana. <span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://www.theguardian.com/global-development-professionals-network/2013/jul/10/biofuels-development-views-reviews">The Guardian</a></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #274e13;">Do/Make a U-turn=</span></b></span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;">Hacer un cambio de sentido,</span></b></span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #783f04;"> </span></b></span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;">dar un giro radical o un cambio diametral, dar un giro de 180 grados.</span></b></span></div>
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</span></b></span> <b><i>It is illegal to do/make a U-turn on a motorway: </i></b>Está prohibido hacer un cambio de sentido en autopistas.<span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #274e13;"><br />
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</span></b></span> <b><i>Birmingham college makes U-turn on face veil ban: </i></b>Centro de Birmingham <span style="font-size: small;">da un giro de 180 grados ante la prohibición del velo integral. </span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2013/sep/13/birmingham-college-uturn-veil-ban">The Guardian</a></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><b><i>Italian Premier Enrico Letta has won a confidence vote after a last-minute U-turn by former PM Silvio Berlusconi: </i></b></span><span style="font-size: small;">El primer ministro italiano Enrico Letta ha ganado el voto de confianza tras el giro radical en el último momento por parte del ex primer ministro Silvio Berlusconi. </span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-24367509">BBC News</a></span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhH5I_FnIJPd4UL_cmLLl7URBC4aieX8y-o0tSRzmTDmXNdu-TVYzGC5JjX0EjI9o7WB6GBeLJcZDtEC86eZxAGg4xqphyphenhyphenBigFjpkHTJx6ryFxVyFvS-mY-DNKBSzDqTdSDX4TN8lcDc3o/s1600/leaf2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="190" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhH5I_FnIJPd4UL_cmLLl7URBC4aieX8y-o0tSRzmTDmXNdu-TVYzGC5JjX0EjI9o7WB6GBeLJcZDtEC86eZxAGg4xqphyphenhyphenBigFjpkHTJx6ryFxVyFvS-mY-DNKBSzDqTdSDX4TN8lcDc3o/s200/leaf2.jpg" width="200" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://idiomorigins.net/turn-over-a-new-leaf/">idiomorigins</a></td></tr>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><b><a href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/language/2012/10/121012_todays_phrase_turn_over_a_new_leaf.shtml"><span style="color: #274e13;">Turn over a new leaf</span></a></b></span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #274e13;">=</span></b></span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;">Pasar página</span></b></span><span style="color: #7f6000;"><span style="font-size: large;"><b>, empezar de cero, empezar una nueva vida, </b> </span></span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;">reformarse, cambiar de vida.</span></b></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;"><br />
</span></b></span> <b><span style="font-size: small;">"Since his arrest for vandalism, little Johnny has turned over a new leaf. I even saw him picking up litter the other day.":</span></b><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;"><br />
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<span style="font-size: small;">"Desde su arresto por vandalismo, Johnnycito se ha reformado. Incluso le vi</span><b><span style="font-size: small;"> </span></b><span style="font-size: small;">recogiendo basura del suelo el otro día.</span><b><span style="font-size: small;"><br />
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<b><span style="font-size: small;"><br />
</span></b> <b><span style="font-size: small;"><i>I'm turning over a new leaf after Christmas – I'm going to stop smoking: </i></span></b><span style="font-size: small;">Después de Navidad empezaré una nueva vida, voy a dejar de fumar.</span></div>
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El Blog para preparar el "writing" de la EOIhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16021124569609792366noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5854141052865681111.post-21262061920358520822013-07-21T18:18:00.001+02:002016-01-21T21:39:31.580+01:00Online workshop: English idiomatic expressions translated into Spanish - Part 7<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi_KiXQuHjlVYeJlHRGlwzEgup9ERXkXvWaXFuB2dY7BJqzSpZDs8rinG_2lgNe6KYxWsHmgWNz53IOpGldRI3hpv6kBo6PJ9X4Vf1w67MAte0foat_gBApGBZgOAPQoAvRu_v4LKV6FPo/s1600/Pay+Lip+Service.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="279" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi_KiXQuHjlVYeJlHRGlwzEgup9ERXkXvWaXFuB2dY7BJqzSpZDs8rinG_2lgNe6KYxWsHmgWNz53IOpGldRI3hpv6kBo6PJ9X4Vf1w67MAte0foat_gBApGBZgOAPQoAvRu_v4LKV6FPo/s320/Pay+Lip+Service.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #274e13;">Pay lip service to sth=</span></b></span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;">Hablar de boquilla, decir con la boca pequeña/chica.</span></b></span><br />
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<b><i>The fundamental problem is that aviation is a rogue industry, darting across international borders to escape climate justice. While paying lip service to environmental concerns, its masters use the complexity of attempting to curb the carbon emissions of a global business to avoid any curbs at all: </i></b>El problema fundamental es que la aviación es una industria deshonesta, que cruza volando las fronteras internacionales para escapar de la justicia climática. Mientras hablan de boquilla de sus inquietudes medioambientales, sus peces gordos utilizan la complejidad que supone para una empresa mundial el proceso de reducción de las emisiones de CO2 para no reducirlas en absoluto. <a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/damian-carrington-blog/2013/jul/17/heathrow-third-runway-aviation-emissions?INTCMP=SRCH"><span style="font-size: x-small;">The Guardian</span></a><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;"><br />
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<b><span style="font-size: small;"><i>She claims to be in favour of training, but so far she's only paid lip service to the idea: </i></span></b><span style="font-size: small;">Dice que está a favor de la formación pero de momento sólo lo dice con la boca pequeña.</span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;"><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;"><br />
</span></b></span> <span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #274e13;">Work one's fingers to the bone=</span></b></span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;">Dejarse la piel, deslomarse.</span></b></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;"><br />
</span></b></span> <b><span style="font-size: small;"><i>She worked her fingers to the bone to provide a home and food for seven children: </i></span></b><span style="font-size: small;">Se dejó la piel para dar techo y comida a sus siete hijos.</span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;"><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;"><br />
</span></b></span> <span style="font-size: small;">Fíjate cómo se usa esta expresión en esta canción:</span> <span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;"><br />
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</span></b></span> <b><span style="color: #7f6000;"><iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="315" src="//www.youtube.com/embed/QiB5xFdQsew" width="420"></iframe><span style="font-size: small;"><br />
</span><span style="font-size: small;"> </span></span></b><br />
<b><span style="color: #7f6000;"><span style="font-size: small;">Brown Bird</span></span></b><b><span style="color: #7f6000;"><span style="font-size: small;">-Fingers to the bone</span></span></b><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;"><br />
</span></b></span><span style="font-size: small;">I’ve worked my fingers to the bone<br />not a pretty little penny have I got to show<br />I ain’t looking for much <br />just a little bit of rest by the side of the road<br /><br />I lift my voice to the forces above <br />the Lords of labor and the Goddess of love<br />ain’t I been a good, hard working <br />faithful servant and son<br /><br />then the sky turns black<br />and it cracks with a thundering voice<br />work is what you are when you’re breathing in and out<br />til your final breath falls to the floor<br /><br />so swing down that sledgehammer through the wood<br />a little test of mind over flesh oughtta do you good<br />get up off the ground<br />you can lay down when the day is done<br />and on the seventh day<br />you can lay in the morning sun<br /><br />I want to make my home on a mountain high<br />just me and my lover and the big old sky<br />I ain’t asking for much<br />just a little bit of rest before the day that I die<br /><br />I lift my voice to the forces above<br />the Lords of labor and the Goddess of love<br />ain’t i been a good, hard working<br />faithful servant and son<br /><br />then the sky turns black<br />and it cracks with a thundering voice<br />work is what you are when you’re breathing in and out<br />til your final breath falls to the floor<br /><br />so swing down that sledgehammer through the wood<br />a little test of mind over flesh oughtta do you good<br />get up off the ground<br />you can lay down when the day is done<br />and on the seventh day<br />you can lay in the morning sun</span><b><span style="color: #7f6000;"><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhBKKoQ3BCO4w4e29zRcKZ8dEps667RQdbYQbQKKBmVduJe_4BRF2vk9WPqIXfr9v3lM5jp2TVQ_fgfbci1nMqemLYSfbPKFv-EZ2TpaYu9x3fbYN10egFssgubfu3bvTOqYJeYGux65FE/s1600/his_own_petard_sac0313cd.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="248" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhBKKoQ3BCO4w4e29zRcKZ8dEps667RQdbYQbQKKBmVduJe_4BRF2vk9WPqIXfr9v3lM5jp2TVQ_fgfbci1nMqemLYSfbPKFv-EZ2TpaYu9x3fbYN10egFssgubfu3bvTOqYJeYGux65FE/s320/his_own_petard_sac0313cd.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<span style="font-size: large;"><b><a href="http://www.phrases.org.uk/meanings/hoist%20by%20your%20own%20petard.html"><span style="color: #274e13;">Be hoist(ed) with/by your own petard</span></a></b></span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #274e13;">= </span></b></span> <span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;">Salirse el tiro por la culata.</span></b></span> <br />
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<b><i>She intended to murder her brother but was hoist with her own petard when she ate the poisoned food intended for him: </i></b>Tenía la intención de matar a su hermano pero le salió el tiro por la culata al comer de la comida envenenada que iba dirigida a él.</div>
<span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;"><br />
</span></b></span> <span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #274e13;">At the ready=</span></b></span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;">A mano, en ristre.</span></b></span><br />
<b><span style="font-size: small;"><i>He stood by the phone, pencil at the ready</i></span></b><b><span style="font-size: small;"><i>:</i></span></b><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;"> </span></b></span>Estaba junto al teléfono lápiz en ristre.<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;"><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;"><br />
</span></span> <span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #274e13;">Come /go/turn full circle=</span></b></span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;">Regresar al punto de partida, volver al principio, volver a los orígenes, dar un giro completo, cumplir un ciclo.</span></b></span></div>
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<i><span style="font-size: small;"><b>The affair began when Spain's El Pais newspaper published documents written by Luis Barcenas, which were alleged to be a set of the PP's undeclared, and possibly untaxed, accounts.</b></span></i></div>
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<i><span style="font-size: small;"><b><br />
At the time Mr Barcenas was in denial. The handwriting was not his, he said.<br />
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He seemed to be loyal to, and in line with, the rest of the party.<br />
<br />
However, in recent weeks he has gone full circle, telling journalists and judges that the handwritten documents were his; and passing them a steady stream of allegations, which have subsequently been put into the public domain:</b></span></i><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;"><br />
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El asunto empezó cuando el periódico El País publicó documentos escritos por Luis Bárcenas, con cuentas del PP presuntamente sin declarar y posiblemente sin gravar<span style="font-size: small;">.</span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;"><br />
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<span style="font-size: small;">Entonces el señor Bárcenas lo negaba todo. Aseguraba que la letra no era suya.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;">Parecía ser leal y estar en línea con su partido.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;">Sin embargo, en las últimas semanas ha dado un giro completo al declarar ante periodistas y jueces que los documentos escritos a mano eran suyos además de hacer un chorreo constante de acusaciones, que han sido posteriormente del dominio público. </span><a href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-23322903"><span style="font-size: x-small;">BBC News</span></a></div>
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<b><span style="font-size: small;"><i>The family sold the house generations ago, but things have come full circle and one of their descendants lives there now:</i></span></b><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;"> </span></b></span>La familia vendió la casa hace generaciones pero han vuelto a los orígenes y uno de los descendientes vive ahí ahora.<span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #274e13;"><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #274e13;"><br />
</span></b></span> <b>"It's come full circle for us. We've had the most wonderful experience doing Dancing On Ice and we just wanted to finish at the top of our game and for the show to be on top of its game so we just felt it was the right time," Dean said: </b>"Se ha cumplido un ciclo para nosotros. Hacer <i>Dancing On Ice</i> ha sido una experiencia increíble y queríamos poner punto final en nuestro mejor momento y en el mejor momento del programa, por lo que sentíamos que éste era ese momento", dijo Dean.<span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #274e13;"> </span></b></span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/media/2013/may/21/dancing-on-ice-axed">The Guardian</a></span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #274e13;"><br />
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<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh0JeLW1vEC6YGM6fto1cprmaj0HjygTFH7WcVxYAz6YdBM1s3N9Ky5kG-_xtI_eMDXUo2vPnDy2HrLOiO2_PuXUBG2mmjwIe4GoKHII1zOcXt6OtI9npf8jl5iJsspcyg1j8BujUzwh-8/s1600/Capture.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh0JeLW1vEC6YGM6fto1cprmaj0HjygTFH7WcVxYAz6YdBM1s3N9Ky5kG-_xtI_eMDXUo2vPnDy2HrLOiO2_PuXUBG2mmjwIe4GoKHII1zOcXt6OtI9npf8jl5iJsspcyg1j8BujUzwh-8/s1600/Capture.png" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://www.wisegeek.com/what-does-no-bones-about-it-mean.htm">Idiomorigins</a></td></tr>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #274e13;"><br />
</span></b></span> <span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #274e13;">Make no bones about it=</span></b></span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;">No tener ningún reparo en admitir o reconocer algo, no ocultar algo, no tener pelos en la lengua.</span></b></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;"><br />
</span></b></span> <b><i>George Clooney is the face of Nespresso, the Nestle capsule coffee company, and makes no bones about it. "I'm very comfortable with commercials. I've done them most of my life," he said on Tuesday in Paris, as he provided star power to the newly unveiled Nespresso Sustainability Advisory Board (NSAB)</i></b><b><span style="font-size: small;"><i>:</i></span></b><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;"> </span></b></span>George Clooney es la cara de <i>Nespresso</i>, la compañía Nestle de cápsulas de café<span style="font-size: small;">, y no tiene ningún reparo en admitirlo. "Me siento cómodo haciendo anuncios. Los he hecho casi toda mi vida," dijo el martes en París al apadrinar el recien inaugurado Consejo Asesor de Sostenibilidad de Nespresso. </span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/blog/2013/jul/17/george-clooney-nespresso-coffee-ad">The Guardian</a></span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;"><br />
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<b><span style="font-size: small;"><i><br />
</i></span></b> <b><span style="font-size: small;"><i>He made no bones about his dissatisfaction with the service: </i></span></b><span style="font-size: small;">No tuvo pelos en la lengua para expresar su insatisfacción con el servicio.</span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;"><br />
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<b><span style="font-size: small;"><i>He makes no bones about his feelings towards the militants</i></span></b><b><span style="font-size: small;"><i>:</i></span></b><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;"> </span></b></span>No oculta lo que piensa de los militantes.<span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;"><br />
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El Blog para preparar el "writing" de la EOIhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16021124569609792366noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5854141052865681111.post-90210814025902746782013-06-29T20:16:00.000+02:002013-07-18T14:39:53.504+02:00Online workshop: English idiomatic expressions translated into Spanish - Part 6<span style="font-size: small;">Aquí tienes más expresiones y frases hechas</span><span style="font-size: small;">:</span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #274e13;"><br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgTqLNbd6NDdxi6D9O1EImhH6vhG-lfZCdT7GCmugCndbtMGmFtfYWpe7Yk8NLSV9ukxM6arkV3P4ICmUAEFhtA_zya6Ki_7H-qcuLlAA22uzcx6u3DF1hAJ5HED1c0EWkWkq2Vb6z4wLo/s1600/images.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgTqLNbd6NDdxi6D9O1EImhH6vhG-lfZCdT7GCmugCndbtMGmFtfYWpe7Yk8NLSV9ukxM6arkV3P4ICmUAEFhtA_zya6Ki_7H-qcuLlAA22uzcx6u3DF1hAJ5HED1c0EWkWkq2Vb6z4wLo/s200/images.jpeg" width="190" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://idiomorigins.net/beat-around-the-bush/">idiomsorigins</a></td></tr>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #274e13;">Beat around the bush=</span></b></span><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;"><b>Irse por las ramas, no ir al grano.</b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;"><b><br />
</b></span></span> <b><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Don't beat around the bush - get to the point!</i></span></b><b><span style="font-size: small;"><i>:</i></span></b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;"><b> </b></span></span><span style="font-size: small;">¡No te vayas por las ramas, ve al grano!</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;"><b><br />
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<b><span style="font-size: small;"><i>He never beat about the bush when something was annoying him:</i></span></b><span style="font-size: small;"> Cuando algo le molestaba, no se andaba con chiquitas.</span></div>
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<span style="color: #7f6000;"><b><br />
</b></span> <span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;"><b><br />
</b></span></span> <span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #274e13;">Not pull any punches=</span></b></span><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;"><b>No andarse con chiquitas, sin paños calientes.</b></span></span></div>
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;"><b><br />
</b></span></span> <b><i>I didn't pull any punches. I told her exactly what I thought of her</i>:</b> No me anduve con chiquitas, le dije exactamente lo que pensaba de ella.<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;"><b><br />
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<span style="font-size: small;"><b><i>Iain Banks was already writing this novel about a middle-aged man raging against terminal cancer when he received his own diagnosis earlier this year. He pulls no punches in an honest portrait of adult compromise and disappointment:</i></b></span><span style="font-size: small;"> Iain Banks ya estaba escribiendo esta novela sobre un hombre de mediana edad que lucha contra un cáncer terminal cuando recibió su propio diagnóstico a principios de este año. Sin paños</span><span style="font-size: small;"> calientes y de forma sincera, retrata un panorama de </span><span style="font-size: small;">compromiso adulto y decepción</span><span style="font-size: small;">. </span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/books/2013/jun/29/holiday-reading-best-books-summer?INTCMP=SRCH">The Guardian</a></span><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;"><b><br />
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</b></span></span> <b><span style="font-size: small;"><i>"Well, the new restaurant manager didn't pull any punches. He just told us the food was disgusting and we have to improve."</i></span></b><b><span style="font-size: small;"><i>:</i></span></b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;"><b> </b></span></span><span style="font-size: small;">"</span><span style="font-size: small;">Bueno, el nuevo jefe no se anduvo con chiquitas. Nos dijo que la comida era una basura y que tenemos que mejorar."</span><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;"><b> </b></span></span><a href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/flatmates/episode79/languagepoint.shtml"><span style="font-size: x-small;">BBC Learning Engl</span><span style="font-size: x-small;">ish</span></a><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;"><b><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi1whrm8HinUWQ2HDRUsRvxGtJ6maR357mSfGKubRub8y66nmpHZsqAAJaovq6sl5VPCAW-mAgbPJaBTunnGbqMtMxLaNJAmPuv9FMgm3b5Ap4mS9jIgpfa6hyphenhyphenByjixxaaf7wYsxEDuvc0/s226/120828145526_feet_226x152_istock.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi1whrm8HinUWQ2HDRUsRvxGtJ6maR357mSfGKubRub8y66nmpHZsqAAJaovq6sl5VPCAW-mAgbPJaBTunnGbqMtMxLaNJAmPuv9FMgm3b5Ap4mS9jIgpfa6hyphenhyphenByjixxaaf7wYsxEDuvc0/s226/120828145526_feet_226x152_istock.jpg" /></a></div>
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</span></b></span> <span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #274e13;">Find one's feet=</span></b></span><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;"><b>Coger el tranquillo, hacerse, acostumbrarse (a un trabajo nuevo o a una nueva situación).</b></span></span><br />
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</b></span></span> <span style="font-size: small;">Haz clic <b><a href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/language/theenglishwespeak/2012/09/120904_tews_87_finding_your_feet.shtml">aquí </a></b>para escuchar y leer la explicación de esta expresión.</span><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;"><b><br />
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</b></span></span> <span style="font-size: small;">A ver si consigues detectar en qué momento de este vídeo se hace uso de esta expresión:</span><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;"><b><br />
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Tiene un significado similar la expresión informal <b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;">get the hang of it </span></span></b>(= to learn how to do something, especially if it is not obvious or simple):<br />
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<b><i>"I've never used this program before." "Don't worry - you'll soon get the hang of it.": "</i></b>No he usado nunca este programa." "No te preocupes, ya le cogerás el tranquillo pronto."<br />
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En este otro vídeo se utiliza esta última expresión:<br />
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Estate atent@ a las siguientes sesiones de nuestro taller de expresiones bilingüe. Quizás hayas oído en más de una ocasión alguna de estas expresiones u otras y te apetezca contar en qué situación o contexto las has oído. ¡Anímate a hacer tus propias aportaciones a través de los comentarios! </div>
El Blog para preparar el "writing" de la EOIhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16021124569609792366noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5854141052865681111.post-6217805996363482032013-06-04T15:52:00.001+02:002013-07-02T20:53:49.888+02:00Online workshop: English idiomatic expressions translated into Spanish - Part 5<span style="font-size: small;">He aquí la quinta sesión del taller bilingüe de frases hechas. Espero que te resulten interesantes.</span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #274e13;"><br /></span></b></span>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">http://recallsolutions.squarespace.com</td></tr>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #274e13;">To hit the sweet spot =</span></b></span><span style="font-size: large;"><b> <span style="color: #7f6000;">Dar en el blanco, hacer diana, dar en el clavo, estar en su punto, estar en el mejor momento o en un momento dulce.</span></b></span></div>
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El punto dulce o punto de golpeo de una raqueta de tenis es el punto en el que la pelota alcanza máxima potencia al golpear sobre él. Por extensión se aplica a otros ámbitos fuera del mundo del deporte cuando se quiere hacer referencia al punto óptimo de algo, alguien o de una situación determinada.<span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;"><br /></span></b></span></div>
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<i><span style="font-size: small;"><b><u>Hit the sweet spot: Hugh Fearnley-Whittingstall's caramel recipes.</u><br />I don't know who discovered that seriously burning sugar was a good idea, but I </b></span></i><i><b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #274e13;">take my hat off </span></span></b></i><i><span style="font-size: small;"><b>to them</b></span></i><i><b><span style="font-size: small;">: </span></b></i><br />
<u><span style="font-size: small;">En su punto: Las recetas de caramelo de Hugh Fearnley-Whittingstall</span><span style="color: #7f6000;"><span style="font-size: small;">.</span></span></u><br />
<span style="font-size: small;">No </span><span style="font-size: small;">sé</span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;"> </span></b></span>quién descubrió que en verdad era buena idea quemar azúcar, pero <span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;"><b>me quito el sombrero</b></span></span> ante ellos.<span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;"> </span></b></span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/lifeandstyle/2013/may/24/caramel-recipes-sauce-praline">The Guardian</a></span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;"><br /></span></b></span><br />
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<i><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Sweet spot<br />US elections 2008: To some, Barack Obama's hopeful rhetoric seems saccharine and weak. Tell that to the hordes of new voters who are flocking to him</b></span></i>: <span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;"><br /></span></b></span></div>
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Las elecciones estadounidenses del 2008: Para algunos, la retórica optimista de Barack Obama resulta edulcorada y blanda. Dile eso a las hordas de nuevos votantes que acuden en masa a él. <span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2008/jan/07/sweetspot?INTCMP=SRCH">The Guardian</a></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-size: small;"><i>The singer's early hits felt fluid and instinctive. Now it all looks a bit like hard work – and she's not hitting the sweet spot</i></span></b><b><i><span style="font-size: small;">: </span></i></b><span style="font-size: small;">Los primeros éxitos de la cantante</span><span style="font-size: small;"> parecían fluidos e instintivos. Ahora parece todo un poco forzado y trabajoso y no está dando en el clavo. </span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/music/musicblog/2012/jan/26/lady-gaga-trying-too-hard?INTCMP=SRCH">The Guardian</a></span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;"><br /></span></b></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #274e13;">To go down the tubes=</span></b></span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;">Irse al garete</span></b></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-size: small;"><i>The country is going slowly down the tubes:</i></span></b> El país se está yendo poco a poco al garete.<span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;"><br /></span></b></span></div>
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<b><i>There is a marked and growing divergence between unemployment in the US and the eurozone that can be attributed to two factors: the Federal Reserve has been prepared to embrace quantitative easing on a grand scale and the European Central Bank has not; and fiscal policy in the eurozone has been relentlessly pro-cyclical, with taxes raised and spending cut even when it was clear economies were going down the tubes: </i></b>Existe una marcada y creciente divergencia entre el desempleo en EEUU y la eurozona que puede ser atribuida a dos factores: La Reserva Federal de EEUU se ha preparado para una expansión monetaria cuantitativa a gran escala a diferencia del Banco Central Europeo; y la política fiscal de la eurozona ha sido implacablemente procíclica, subiendo impuestos y recortando el gasto incluso cuando estaba claro que las economías se estaban yendo al garete. <span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/business/2013/may/31/eurozone-crisis-unemployment-austerity">The Guardian</a></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #274e13;">In a blanket fashion=</span></b></span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;">Por el mismo rasero, indiscriminadamente.</span></b></span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
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<b><i>Somewhat belatedly, eurozone policymakers have woken up to the social costs of the austerity programmes that have been enacted in a blanket fashion across the single currency:</i></b><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;"><i> </i></span></b></span>Un poco tarde los legisladores de la eurozona se han dado cuenta de los costes sociales de los programas de austeridad<span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;"><i> </i></span></b></span><span style="font-size: small;">decretados </span><span style="font-size: small;">indiscriminadamente por toda la zona de la moneda única.</span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;"><i> </i></span></b></span><span style="color: #7f6000;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/business/2013/may/31/eurozone-crisis-unemployment-austerity">The Guardian</a></span></span><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #274e13;">To circle the wagons=</span></b></span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;">Cerrar filas, atrincherarse, parapetarse.</span></b></span>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">mohawknationnews.com </td></tr>
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<span style="font-size: small;">Esta expresión, al parecer, viene de los tiempos del viejo oeste americano cuando los pioneros solían colocar los carros en círculo como estrategia de defensa frente a los indios. En la actualidad esta expresión significa ponerse a la defensiva.</span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><i><br /></i></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><b><i>After each of these scandals, the military claimed it knew best how to handle the problem and proceeded to institute insignificant reforms that did little to reduce assaults among the troops. Now the generals are circling the wagons again, insisting that the legislation’s reasonable reforms would affect commanders’ ability to maintain “good order and discipline": </i></b></span><span style="font-size: small;">Tras cada uno de estos escándalos, las fuerzas armadas sostenían que ya sabían solucionar el problema y procedieron a introducir reformas insignificantes que poco contribuyeron a reducir las agresiones entre militares. Ahora los generales cierran filas otra vez, insistiendo en que las razonables reformas de la legislación perjudicarían la capacidad de los comandantes de mantener "el orden y la disciplina".</span><span style="font-size: small;"><b><i> </i></b></span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://www.nytimes.com/2013/06/04/opinion/dont-trust-the-pentagon-to-end-rape.html?ref=opinion&_r=0">The New York Times</a></span><span style="font-size: small;"><b><i><br /></i></b></span></div>
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El Blog para preparar el "writing" de la EOIhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16021124569609792366noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5854141052865681111.post-16968617407655449982013-05-21T12:30:00.000+02:002013-10-25T10:30:54.724+02:00Online workshop: English idiomatic expressions translated into Spanish - Part 4Aquí tienes la cuarta sesión del taller bilingüe de dichos y frases hechas:<br />
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<b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #38761d;">Turn a blind eye=</span></span></b><b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;">Hacer la vista gorda, mirar para otro lado.</span></span></b><br />
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<b><i><span style="font-size: small;">Management often turns a blind eye to bullying in the workplace: </span></i></b><span style="font-size: small;">Con frecuencia la dirección hace la vista gorda ante el acoso en el trabajo.</span><b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;"><br /></span></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Economically, it's madness to cut off valuable students from China and India for the sake of hitting a meaningless "net" migration statistic. Morally, some "action" means deliberately turning a blind eye to some abuse that would shock many of the same people who want immigration cut, if they knew: </i></span></b><span style="font-size: small;">Económicamente</span><span style="font-size: small;">, es de locos </span><span style="font-size: small;">dejar fuera a valiosos estudiantes procedentes de India y China en aras de cumplir una absurda estadística de migración "neta". Moralmente,</span><span style="font-size: small;"> "acción"</span><b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;"> </span></span></b><span style="font-size: small;">gubernamental</span><b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;"> </span></span></b>implica hacer la vista gorda deliberadamente<b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;"> </span></span></b><span style="font-size: small;">a abusos</span><b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;"> </span></span></b><span style="font-size: small;">que, de saberlo, horrorizarían a muchos de los que quieren poner barreras a la inmigración. </span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2013/may/13/noise-immigration-drowning-out-real-problems">The Guardian</a></span><b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;"><br /></span></span></b><br />
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<b><span style="font-size: small;"><i>But if turning a blind eye is more your kind of evil, then we shouldn't let accusations levied against Ask.fm this year pass us by: </i></span></b><span style="font-size: small;">Pero si para ti hacer la vista gorda </span><span style="font-size: small;">sí es perverso, entonces no deberíamos dejar pasar de largo las acusaciones hechas a <i>Ask.fm</i> este año. </span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2013/oct/25/evil-facebook-google-beheading-email-abuse">The Guardian</a></span><b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;"><br /></span></span></b></div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://idiomorigins.net/red-tape/">Idiom origins</a></td></tr>
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<b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #38761d;">Red tape=</span></span></b><b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;">Papeleo, burocracia</span></span></b><br />
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<b><span style="font-size: small;"><i>This law will just create more red tape</i></span></b><b><span style="font-size: small;"><i>:</i></span></b><b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;"> </span></span></b><span style="font-size: small;">Esta ley sólo creará más papeleo.</span><b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;"><br /></span></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;"><br /></span></span></b>
<b><span style="font-size: small;"><i>"...We look at the EU and we worry about Britain's ability to compete in the global race. We look at the regulations and the red tape that comes from Europe … and if you go into the boardrooms in New York, or Tokyo or Singapore they think the European economy is frankly a joke."</i></span></b><span style="font-size: small;"><b>: </b></span><span style="font-size: small;">"..</span><span style="font-size: small;">.</span><span style="font-size: small;">Miramos a la UE y nos preocupa la capacidad del Reino Unido de competir en el ámbito global. Miramos a la normativa y la burocracia que viene de Europa...y si vas a las salas de reuniones de Nueva York o Tokyo o Singapur, piensan que la economía europea es francamente un chiste."</span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/politics/2013/may/19/eurosceptics-protection-racket-tory-mandelson?INTCMP=SRCH">The Guardian</a></span><b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;"><br /></span></span></b></div>
<b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;"><br /></span></span></b>
<b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #38761d;">Put on a brave face=</span></span></b><b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;">Aguantar el tipo, hacerse el/la fuerte.</span></span></b><b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;"><br /></span></span></b>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b><i>She seems all right but I suspect she's just putting on a brave face:</i></b> Parece que está bien pero sospecho que se está haciendo la fuerte.<b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;"><br /></span></span></b></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;"><br /></span></span></b></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<i><span style="font-size: small;"><b><u>Putting on a brave face</u><br />You're a famous woman, your relationship is on the rocks - and you have to face the cameras. So what do you wear to create the right impression?</b></span></i><b><span style="color: #7f6000;"> </span></b><b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;"><br /></span></span></b></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<u>Aguantando el tipo</u><b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;"><br /></span></span></b></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Eres famosa, tu relación está haciendo aguas (<i><u>otra expresión</u>:</i><span style="font-size: large;"><i> </i><i><b><span style="color: #38761d;">"be on the rocks"</span></b></i></span><span style="font-size: large;"><i><b><span style="color: #38761d;">=</span></b><b><span style="color: #7f6000;">"hacer aguas"</span></b>)</i></span><i> </i>y tienes que enfrentarte a las cámaras. ¿Qué te puedes poner para dar buena impresión? <span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/lifeandstyle/2006/aug/25/fashion.shopping?INTCMP=SRCH">The Guardian</a></span><b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;"><br /></span></span></b></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;"><br /></span></span></b></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgR1ZjOza_pxXb-ZvnxwnNuyvwtL0lxEYewqfFyJj8WZZx8nwI6z_W86OZ6rJ78kTfDA8_piZAJy_GUI3d0BYIZcAFIUCFmj4qfvRWcTwFmaV7IECZUpuVnwXUy8520pz2eOf2btrIe6bg/s1600/JINKS+THE+BUTLER+WAG4.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgR1ZjOza_pxXb-ZvnxwnNuyvwtL0lxEYewqfFyJj8WZZx8nwI6z_W86OZ6rJ78kTfDA8_piZAJy_GUI3d0BYIZcAFIUCFmj4qfvRWcTwFmaV7IECZUpuVnwXUy8520pz2eOf2btrIe6bg/s1600/JINKS+THE+BUTLER+WAG4.png" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://yowpyowp.blogspot.com/2009/09/pixie-and-dixie-jinks-butler.html">yowpyowp</a></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #274e13;">Set tongues wagging=</span></span></b><b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;">Dar que hablar</span></span></b><b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;"><br /></span></span></b><br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Mr Hellman wore the same t-shirt to work every day for a week. It really set tongues wagging: some thought he just didn't wash it, others thought it was because he hadn't been home all week: </i></span></b><span style="font-size: small;">El sr. Hellman llevó la misma camiseta al trabajo toda la semana. Realmente dio que hablar: Unos pensaban que lo que pasaba era que no la lavaba, otros creían que era porque no había pasado por su casa en toda la semana</span><span style="font-size: small;">. </span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/language/2013/04/130418_todays_phrase_tongues_wagging.shtml"> BBCLearningEnglish</a></span><b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;"><br /></span></span></b></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><b><i>Tom Ilic does things with meat that'll set your tongue wagging. Jay Rayner visits a local hero: </i></b></span><span style="font-size: small;">(El restaurante) Tom Ilic hace cosas con la carne que te dará que hablar. Jay Rayner visita un héroe local. </span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/lifeandstyle/wordofmouth/2008/jun/27/jayraynerreviewstomilicre?INTCMP=SRCH">The Guardian</a></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
El Blog para preparar el "writing" de la EOIhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16021124569609792366noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5854141052865681111.post-53245242731892732682013-05-10T21:34:00.000+02:002013-07-21T18:33:58.407+02:00Online workshop: English idiomatic expressions translated into Spanish - Part 3Ésta es la tercera sesión del taller bilingüe de frases y dichos. Haz clic <a href="http://writingeoi.blogspot.com.es/2013/05/online-workshop-english-idiomatic.html">aquí </a>para acceder a la segunda sesión y <a href="http://writingeoi.blogspot.com.es/2013/04/online-workshop-english-idiomatic.html">aquí </a>a la primera.<br />
<br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEijMTrLZs6dQ8NAdcLnedQTpfZ13eJrkL6XPPZdBl1D60pFbUSVFTwXsffCq1cgsgVphqEaBPG5dfWKSxU3pldEg257t4oqwu2sftFw8uce0AGMBUeucDdyBPnOKcTiJHjdGJEvIdrcvVE/s1600/catbag.gif" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="148" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEijMTrLZs6dQ8NAdcLnedQTpfZ13eJrkL6XPPZdBl1D60pFbUSVFTwXsffCq1cgsgVphqEaBPG5dfWKSxU3pldEg257t4oqwu2sftFw8uce0AGMBUeucDdyBPnOKcTiJHjdGJEvIdrcvVE/s200/catbag.gif" width="200" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://idiomorigins.net/let-the-cat-out-of-the-bag/">Idiom origins</a></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #38761d;">Let the cat out of the bag= </span></b></span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;">Levantar la liebre, irse de la lengua, destapar el pastel.</span></b></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;"><br />
</span></b></span> <b><span style="font-size: small;"><i>I was trying to keep the party a secret, but Mel went and let the cat out of the bag:</i></span></b><span style="font-size: small;"> Intentaba mantener la fiesta en secreto pero fue Mel y se fue de la lengua.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><br />
</span> <span style="font-size: small;"><b><i>Supposedly just commenting on imminent plans, Albarn seemed to also let the cat out of the bag regarding Blur's immediate future. And it sounds as if there could be a new album after all: </i></b></span><span style="font-size: small;">Supuestamente hablando sobre planes inminentes, al parecer Albarn también ha levantado la liebre acerca del futuro inmediato del grupo Blur.</span><span style="font-size: small;"> Parece ser que podría haber un nuevo álbum después de todo. </span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/music/2013/may/07/blur-hint-new-album?INTCMP=SRCH">The Guardian</a></span><span style="font-size: small;"><br />
</span></div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><br />
</span> <span style="font-size: small;">En el siguiente vídeo se utiliza esta expresión. A ver si la detectas:</span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span>
<iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="315" src="//www.youtube.com/embed/qIyeFoyCUi0" width="420"></iframe><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><br />
</span> <span style="font-size: small;"><br />
</span> <span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #274e13;">Go off the rails=</span></b></span><b><span style="color: #7f6000;"><span style="font-size: large;">Descarriarse, salirse del buen camino</span></span></b><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;">,</span></b></span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;"> ir por el mal camino, </span></b></span><span style="font-size: small;"> </span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;">desmadrarse</span></b></span><span style="font-size: small;">.</span><br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br />
</span> <span style="font-size: small;"><b><i>He went off the rails in his first year at university: </i></b></span><span style="font-size: small;">El primer año de universidad se desmadró.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br />
</span> <b><i><span style="font-size: small;">My father suffered from depression when I was growing up and my mother never had time to listen to me. Then as a teenager I went off the rails: </span></i></b><span style="font-size: small;">My padre padeció depresión </span><span style="font-size: small;">cuando era pequeña y mi madre nunca tenía tiempo para escucharme. Luego de adolescente me descarrié / fui por el mal camino. </span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/lifeandstyle/2013/may/03/want-my-mother-to-say-sorry?INTCMP=SRCH">The Guardian</a></span><span style="font-size: large;"><br />
</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;"><br />
</span> <span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #274e13;">Pull out all the stops=</span></b></span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;">Hacer todo lo (humanamente) posible, hacer algo a lo grande (sin reparar en gastos), poner todo de </span></b></span><b><span style="color: #7f6000;"><span style="font-size: small;">+ artículo posesivo+</span></span></b><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;"> parte, poner todos los medios a </span></b></span><b><span style="color: #7f6000;"><span style="font-size: small;">+ artículo posesivo+</span></span></b><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;">alcance, poner toda la carne en el asador, emplearse a fondo.</span></b></span><span style="font-size: large;"><br />
</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;"><br />
</span> <span style="font-size: small;"><b><i>They gave a Christmas party and pulled out all the stops</i></b></span><b><i><span style="font-size: small;">: </span></i></b><span style="font-size: small;">Dieron una fiesta de Navidad a lo grande.</span><span style="font-size: large;"><br />
</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><br />
</span> <span style="font-size: small;"><b><i>We pulled out all the stops to meet the deadline: </i></b></span><span style="font-size: small;">Pusimos todo de nuestra parte para cumplir el plazo. </span><span style="font-size: small;">(Por cierto, otra equivalencia: <b><i>meet the deadline</i></b>=cumplir el plazo)</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;"><br />
</span> <span style="font-size: small;"><b><i>This was a gripping adventure, a very easy yet inspiring read and a book I recommend. The author really dived in and pulled out all the stops for a good mystery: </i></b></span><span style="font-size: small;">Es u</span><span style="font-size: small;">na</span><span style="font-size: large;"> </span><span style="font-size: small;">aventura</span><span style="font-size: large;"> </span><span style="font-size: small;">apasionante, de muy fácil y no por ello menos inspiradora lectura y un libro que recomiendo. El autor verdaderamente se entrega en cuerpo y alma y se emplea a fondo para conseguir una buena historia de misterio. </span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/childrens-books-site/2013/feb/20/adventure-island-the-mystery-of-the-invisible-spy-helen-moss-review?INTCMP=SRCH"> The Guardian</a></span><span style="font-size: large;"><br />
</span></div>
<span style="font-size: large;"><br />
</span> <br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiLTP0O3UoAqvYbuMwt1gNfzxXjJNcGeHSmgxbpLY4gWTXNzTYamO0NSCefXak4rZ6O4tuhcU1L2Y5TXgitXYg7H_Ip-5_2YuB4l_6uCYE-It0vcs31lDMJKrUgLSsMG6FldjL4WQAciU8/s1600/Hog.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiLTP0O3UoAqvYbuMwt1gNfzxXjJNcGeHSmgxbpLY4gWTXNzTYamO0NSCefXak4rZ6O4tuhcU1L2Y5TXgitXYg7H_Ip-5_2YuB4l_6uCYE-It0vcs31lDMJKrUgLSsMG6FldjL4WQAciU8/s1600/Hog.jpg" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><br /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #274e13;">Go the whole hog </span></b></span><span style="font-size: small;">(<b><u>informal</u></b>)</span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #274e13;">=</span></b><b><span style="color: #7f6000;">Ir hasta el final, ir a por todas</span></b><b><span style="color: #7f6000;">, llevar hasta las últimas consecuencias, ya puestos.</span></b></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;"><br />
</span></b></span> <b><i><span style="font-size: small;">Having already limited local taxation, why not go the whole hog and abolish it completely?: </span></i></b><span style="font-size: small;">Puestos a limitar los tributos locales, ¿por qué no ir hasta el final </span><span style="font-size: small;">y suprimirlos completamente?</span><span style="font-size: large;"><br />
</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><br />
</span> <span style="font-size: small;"><b><i>The psychologist G Stanley Hall went even further and referred to the state of being an only child as "a disease in itself". So I have a disease. Perhaps they should go the whole hog and give it a proper name, in the manner of cancer or diabetes: </i></b></span><span style="font-size: small;">El psicólogo G. Stanley Hall fue incluso más lejos refiriéndose al estado de ser hijo único como "una enfermedad en sí misma". Vaya, así que tengo una enfermedad. Tal vez ya puestos, debieran darle un nombre de verdad, como al cáncer o a la diabetes.</span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/lifeandstyle/2011/dec/03/emma-kennedy-only-children-siblings?INTCMP=SRCH">The Guardian</a></span><span style="font-size: small;"><br />
</span></div>
<span style="font-size: large;"><br />
</span>El Blog para preparar el "writing" de la EOIhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16021124569609792366noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5854141052865681111.post-91591280622665243732013-05-01T18:33:00.001+02:002013-06-04T08:12:11.646+02:00Online workshop: English idiomatic expressions translated into Spanish - Part 2<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
Ésta es la segunda sesión de nuestro taller bilingüe de expresiones idiomáticas. ¡Vamos allá!<span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;"> </span></b></span><span style="font-size: small;">Puedes acceder a la primera desde <a href="http://writingeoi.blogspot.com.es/2013/04/online-workshop-english-idiomatic.html">aquí</a>.</span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;"><br /></span></b></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;"><br /></span></b></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;">Jump the gun:</span></b></span> Adelantarse a los
acontecimientos, precipitarse.<br />
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<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjS-vOBhlHJ-Ob_KpG3V0tJlStIX2LFkZQSS0rExNYhOkgdRGTu4CxuTvVlhtoaMAhxhkLzJPyBKFWuSL3lNprzrU20XaYCHeKRtKzzRHrJuCASBGG2YHB4jgKuo-DKBSEIC5Jd3fvn72k/s1600/default.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjS-vOBhlHJ-Ob_KpG3V0tJlStIX2LFkZQSS0rExNYhOkgdRGTu4CxuTvVlhtoaMAhxhkLzJPyBKFWuSL3lNprzrU20XaYCHeKRtKzzRHrJuCASBGG2YHB4jgKuo-DKBSEIC5Jd3fvn72k/s1600/default.jpeg" /></a></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b><br /></b>
<b><br /></b>
<b><i>The mainstream media were as guilty at
jumping the gun as everyone else:</i></b> Los medios de comunicación
dominantes fueron tan culpables como el resto en adelantarse a los
acontecimientos. <span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2013/apr/23/boston-new-media-crowd-editorial">The Guardian </a></span></div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;">Win the wooden spoon: </span></b></span>Llevarse la
cuchara de madera. <br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Esta expresión proviene del rugby. Es el “trofeo”
otorgado al equipo que al final del Torneo de las Seis Naciones no ha
sumado ningún punto. A veces, por extensión, se puede utilizar con
otros deportes o cuando se habla de una competición no
necesariamente deportiva.</div>
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b><i>The New York Post would win the wooden
spoon for reporting...:</i></b> El New York Post se llevaría la cuchara de
madera de la información...<span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2013/apr/22/boston-bombings-witchhunt-social-media?INTCMP=SRCH">The Guardian</a></span></div>
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span>
<br />
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;">In the twinkling of an eye:</span></b></span> En un abrir
y cerrar de ojos.
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b><i>We shall be changed - albeit not in the
twinkling of an eye and certainly not at the last trumpet:</i></b></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
Seremos transformados, si bien no en un
abrir y cerrar de ojos y desde luego tampoco a la trompeta final.
(<i>Aclaración: El autor de esta frase ha adaptado un pasaje de la
Biblia para dar la bienvenida al nuevo año</i>). <span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk/the-northerner/2012/dec/31/northerner-2013-guardian-journalism-regions-media?INTCMP=SRCH">The Guardian</a></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b><i>Microprocessors do the calculations in
the twinkling of an eye:</i></b> Los microprocesadores hacen cálculos en un
abrir y cerrar de ojos.</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
</div>
<div style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;">
<img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgJNwJjd6ZN699WssJNOpfiQMWlzSjuGRFv9rVs2kbS_FHBOr2usbhNrucKfrrk6EGtLfY5VlCs6fkBhlXF_HoaNfGz1CGznT6IFA0h2Iy5EucxfTfgWZUkWB9tQfOITz8p6sHDWDhjsVE/s200/bite_the_bullet-thumb.jpg" width="163" /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;">To bite the <a href="http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/british/bullet?q=bullet">bullet</a>: </span></b></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
“To endure a
painful or otherwise unpleasant situation that is seen as
unavoidable”, “to force yourself to do something unpleasant or
difficult, or to be brave in a difficult situation”, "behave bravely or stoically when facing pain or a difficult situation".</div>
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Es difícil dar un equivalente exacto
en español para esta expresión. Algunas posibilidades son: “Hacer
de tripas corazón”, “tragar” (en el sentido de "cargar con
alguna obligación o circunstancia ingrata o no deseada”), “apechar
con las responsabilidades”, “mantener el tipo ante una situación
dolorosa o difícil”, “aguantar el tirón”, “pasar por el
aro”, “pasar por el mal trago de”, “verse obligado a tomar
una difícil decisión aunque duela”... </div>
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Los dirigentes europeos suelen utilizar
este giro para expresar que, aunque no les gusta la idea, no han
tenido más remedio que implementar políticas de austeridad (han tenido
que “morder la bala”).</div>
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<b><i>Hamon said the French government needed
to bite the bullet and accept that ending austerity would lead to a
falling-out with Europe's biggest economic power: </i></b>Hamon dijo que el
gobierno francés necesitaba pasar por el aro y aceptar que acabar
con la austeridad llevaría a un enfrentamiento con la mayor potencia
económica de Europa. <span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2013/apr/27/french-minister-attacks-merkel-austerity?INTCMP=SRCH">The Guardian</a></span></div>
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<b><i>I hate going to the dentist, but I
suppose I'll just have to bite the bullet:</i></b> Odio ir al dentista, pero
supongo que tendré que hacer de tripas corazón.</div>
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<b><i>Decisions have to be taken and as
director you have got to bite the bullet: </i></b>Hay que tomar decisiones y
como director debes apechar.</div>
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<b><i>"Allowing electronic strangers
into a girl's bedroom before her mid-teens is an extremely bad idea.
If parents want their daughters to establish healthy sleeping habits
they have to bite the bullet and insist that their bedroom remains a
technology-free zone.": </i></b>“Es una pésima idea permitir que una
pre-adolescente meta en la habitación extraños electrónicos. Si
los padres quieren que sus hijas tengan hábitos de sueño
saludables; aunque cueste, deben insistir en que su habitación sea
una zona libre de tecnología.”<span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/lifeandstyle/2013/apr/27/set-my-daughter-computer-curfew?INTCMP=SRCH">The Guardian</a></span></div>
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<span style="color: #0c343d;"><span style="font-size: large;">¿Y a ti? ¿Se te ocurre alguna equivalencia
exacta en español para</span></span><b><span style="color: #660000;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span><span style="font-size: large;">“bite the bullet”?</span></span></b></div>
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El Blog para preparar el "writing" de la EOIhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16021124569609792366noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5854141052865681111.post-79408412003355404862013-04-22T23:26:00.000+02:002016-01-14T23:23:37.397+01:00Online workshop: English idiomatic expressions translated into Spanish - Taller online bilingüe de frases hechas<div style="background-attachment: scroll; background-clip: border-box; background-color: transparent; background-image: none; background-origin: padding-box; background-position: 0% 0%; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: auto; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEieMQ76eNR5LRTgqlypz30zsQ6mtkMJas6F_mE8mNPN6McCFpYxIH3AllHj-Jj8gitKtGdaaILaslz08wbsnge7e6POCg9j2pxqqWY0x9LT2DLDcdzAEf-oNkG7T_KaDpkFWSx6Dqwjffs/s1600/Acontraluz.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="265" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEieMQ76eNR5LRTgqlypz30zsQ6mtkMJas6F_mE8mNPN6McCFpYxIH3AllHj-Jj8gitKtGdaaILaslz08wbsnge7e6POCg9j2pxqqWY0x9LT2DLDcdzAEf-oNkG7T_KaDpkFWSx6Dqwjffs/s400/Acontraluz.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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Conocer <i>idiomatic expressions</i><span style="font-style: normal;">, </span><i>proverbs</i><span style="font-style: normal;"> o <i>adages</i>, dichos populares o </span> <span style="font-style: normal;"> frases hechas</span> <span style="font-style: normal;">y saber cómo usarlas es una de las habilidades lingüísticas en niveles avanzados.</span></div>
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<span style="font-style: normal;"><br />
</span> <span style="font-style: normal;">No estaría nada mal que en tus </span><i>articles</i><span style="font-style: normal;"> y </span><i>essays</i><span style="font-style: normal;"> introdujeras algún que otro dicho. Pero, ¡cuidado!, no abuses (uno o dos como mucho en cada escrito) y, sobre todo, </span><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-style: normal;"><b><span style="background: #ffff00;">asegúrate de que encajan en el contexto, que están correctamente utilizadas y que no quedan fuera de lugar </span></b></span></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="background: #ffff00;">(en este sentido, debes evitarlas a toda costa</span></span></span></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-style: normal;"><b><span style="background: #ffff00;"> </span></b></span></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="background: #ffff00;">en </span></span></span></span><span style="color: black;"><i><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="background: #ffff00;">formal letters </span></span></i></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="background: #ffff00;">y </span></span></span></span><span style="color: black;"><i><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="background: #ffff00;">reports).</span></span></i></span></div>
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<span style="background: transparent;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">Dicho esto, doy comienzo a lo que voy a llamar </span></span><span style="color: black;"><i><b>“Online workshop: English idiomatic expressions translated into Spanish”</b></i></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"> o </span></span><span style="color: black;"><b>“Taller online bilingüe de frases hechas”</b></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">.</span></span></span><br />
<span style="background: transparent;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><br />
</span></span></span> <span style="background: transparent;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">Se dará información de las más utilizadas y su equivalente aproximado en español. Es decir, la versión en español intentará llevar la misma carga semántica y registro de la versión inglesa. De esta manera, espero que te sea más fácil saber cómo trasladarlas a tus escritos.</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="background: transparent;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">Es éste un taller, lo que significa que tu participación, con cualquier duda o sugerencia que tengas, es bienvenida.</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="background: transparent;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #274e13;">Every cloud has a silver lining = </span></b></span></span></span><span style="background: transparent;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;">No hay mal que por bien no venga / Cuando una puerta se cierra, ciento se abren / No hay daño que no tenga apaño / Por uno que se pierde, diez aparecen. </span></b></span><span style="font-size: x-small;">Fuentes:<i><a href="http://www.usingenglish.com/reference/idioms/e.html"> usingenglish.com</a></i>, <i><a href="http://oxforddictionaries.com/">oxforddictionaries.com</a></i> y <i><a href="http://cvc.cervantes.es/lengua/refranero/ficha.aspx?Par=59187&Lng=0">centro virtual cervantes</a></i></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;"> </span> </div>
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<span style="font-size: x-small;"> </span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><br />
</span> </div>
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<span style="background: transparent;"><span style="color: black;"><u><span style="font-weight: normal;"><b>English version:</b></span></u></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"> </span></span></span><span style="background: transparent;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">“ It is always possible to get something positive out of a situation, no matter how unpleasant, difficult or even painful it might seem.</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="background: transparent;"><span style="color: black;"><u><span style="font-weight: normal;"><b>Versión española: </b></span></u></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">“Indica que de una contrariedad se puede extraer algo bueno, que una contrariedad puede tener resultados favorables”. </span></span></span> </div>
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<span style="background: transparent;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">Las dos expresan ante todo una actitud optimista ante una situación desfavorable.</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="background: transparent;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">Con frecuencia se utiliza parcialmente </span></span><span style="color: black;"><b>(</b></span><span style="color: black;"><i><b>the silver lining)</b></i></span><span style="color: black;"><b>,</b></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"> por lo que en algunas ocasiones no se puede traducir al español con la expresión equivalente, sino con otras como: “el lado positivo”, “el lado bueno”,“consuelo”, “mostrarse optimista”. Fíjate en estos ejemplos:</span></span></span></div>
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<i><b><span style="background: transparent;"><span style="color: black;">After the fire two years ago few could see the silver lining: </span></span></b></i><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="background: transparent;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">Tras el incendio de hace dos años, pocos se mostraban esperanzados o optimistas</span></span></span></span><span style="background: transparent;"><i><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"> o </span></span></i><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">podían ver el lado positivo </span></span></span><i><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">o</span></span></i><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"> hallaban consuelo.</span></span></span></span></div>
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<i><b><span style="background: transparent;"><span style="color: black;">Oscar losers' silver lining – a $45,000 goody bag: </span></span></b></i><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="background: transparent;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">Premio de consolación para nominados que no han ganado un Oscar: Un paquete regalo valorado en 45.000 dólares. <span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/film/2013/feb/20/oscar-2013-goody-bag?INTCMP=SRCH">The Guardian</a></span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<i><b><span style="background: transparent;"><span style="color: black;">But perhaps there is also a silver lining to this cloud of economic depression. In the UK, it is possible that green investment may return as the face-saver for a failed austerity programme: </span></span></b></i><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="background: transparent;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">Pero quizás haya un rayo de esperanza que disperse el nubarrón (o una luz al final del tunel) de la depresión económica. En el Reino Unido la inversión verde podría ser la tabla de salvación del fracasado programa de austeridad. <span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/sustainable-business/blog/2013-prediction-austerity-green-investment-market-reform?INTCMP=SRCH">The Guardian</a></span></span></span></span></span><br />
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="background: transparent;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><br />
</span></span></span></span></span> <span style="color: black;"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="background: transparent;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">I bet you now understand this song 'My Silver Lining':</span></span></span></span></span><br />
<iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/DKL4X0PZz7M" width="560"></iframe><br />
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</span></span></span></span></span> <span style="color: black;"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="background: transparent;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><br />
</span></span></span></span></span> <span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="background: transparent;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">I don't want to wait anymore I'm tired of looking for answers<br /> Take me some place where there's music and there's laughter<br /> I don't know if I'm scared of dying but I'm scared of living too fast, too slow<br /> Regret, remorse, hold on, oh no I've got to go<br /> There’s no starting over, no new beginnings, time races on<br /> And you've just gotta keep on keeping on<br /> Gotta keep on going, looking straight out on the road<br /> Can't worry 'bout what's behind you or what's coming for you further up the road<br /> I try not to hold on to what is gone, I try to do right what is wrong<br /> I try to keep on keeping on<br /> Yeah I just keep on keeping on<br /><br /> I hear a voice calling<br /> Calling out for me<br /> These shackles I've made in an attempt to be free<br /> Be it for reason, be it for love<br /> I won't take the easy road<br /><br /> I've woken up in a hotel room, my worries as big as the moon<br /> Having no idea who or what or where I am<br /> Something good comes with the bad<br /> A song's never just sad<br /> There's hope, there's a silver lining<br /> Show me my silver lining<br /> Show me my silver lining<br /><br /> I hear a voice calling<br /> Calling out for me<br /> These shackles I've made in an attempt to be free<br /> Be it for reason, be it for love<br /> I won't take the easy road<br /><br /> I won't take the easy road<br /> The easy road, the easy road<br /><br /> Show me my silver lining, I try to keep on keeping on<br /> Show me my silver lining, I try to keep on keeping on<br /> Show me my silver lining, I try to keep on keeping on<br /> Show me my silver lining, I try to keep on keeping on</span></span></span></span></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="background: transparent;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><br />
</span></span></span></span></span> <span style="color: black;"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="background: transparent;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><strong><br /></strong><strong>
</strong></span></span></span></span></span><br />
<span style="color: #a64d79;"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="background: transparent;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;"><strong>And now enjoy </strong><a href="https://vimeo.com/108679294"><strong>this video</strong></a><strong> </strong></span></span></span></span></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="background: transparent;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="background: transparent;"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #274e13;">It's not rocket science / It doesn't take a rocket scientist </span></b></span></span></span></span><span style="background: transparent;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><b>(it is not very complicated or difficult to understand.)</b></span></span></span></span><span style="background: transparent;"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #274e13;">= </span></b></span></span></span></span><span style="background: transparent;"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;"><span style="font-size: large;">No hace falta ser un genio</span></span></b></span></span></span><span style="background: transparent;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">.</span></span></span></span></div>
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<i><b><span style="background: transparent;"><span style="color: black;">Drugs equals crime. It doesn't take a rocket scientist to figure that one out: </span></span></b></i><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="background: transparent;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">Las drogas y el crimen son la misma cosa. No hace falta ser un genio para entender eso.</span></span></span></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="background: transparent;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><br />
</span></span></span></span> <span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="background: transparent;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #274e13;">A picture is worth a thousand words</span></b></span></span></span></span><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="background: transparent;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #274e13;">=</span></b></span></span></span></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="background: transparent;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: large;"><b> </b></span></span></span></span></span><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="background: transparent;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;">Una imagen vale más que mil palabras.</span></b></span></span></span></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="background: transparent;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: large;"><b><br />
</b></span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="background: transparent;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: large;"><b><br />
</b></span></span></span></span></span> <span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="background: transparent;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #274e13;">A rolling stone gathers no moss=</span></b></span></span></span></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="background: transparent;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: large;"><b> </b></span></span></span></span></span><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="background: transparent;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;">Renovarse o morir / Piedra movediza, moho no cobija / Piedra movediza no cría moho / Piedra que ruerda no cría moho</span></b></span></span></span></span><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="background: transparent;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: large;"><b><br />
</b></span></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="background: transparent;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;"><br />
</span></b></span></span></span></span> <span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="background: transparent;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">Es curioso porque el proverbio inglés tiene dos interpretaciones</span></span></span></span><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="background: transparent;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;">:</span></b></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="background: transparent;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="http://www.usingenglish.com/reference/idioms/a+rolling+stone+gathers+no+moss.html">1)</a></span></span></span></span><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="background: transparent;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;"> </span></b></span><span style="font-size: small;">"People say this to mean that an ambitious person is more successful than a person not trying to achieve anything". </span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="background: transparent;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br />
</span></span></span></span> <span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="background: transparent;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="http://oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/rolling%2Bstone?q=a+rolling+stone+gathers+no+moss#rolling%2Bstone__4">2) </a><a href="http://www.usingenglish.com/reference/idioms/a+rolling+stone+gathers+no+moss.html">"Originally it meant the opposite and was critical of people trying to get ahead".</a> "A person who does not settle in one place will not accumulate wealth or status, or responsibilities or commitments".</span><span style="font-size: small;"><br />
</span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="background: transparent;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br />
</span></span></span></span> <span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="background: transparent;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">En español el dicho "Piedra movediza, moho no cobija" (también "Piedra movediza no cría moho" o "Piedra que rueda no cría moho"), según<a href="http://cvc.cervantes.es/lengua/refranero/Ficha.aspx?Par=59293&Lng=0"> el Centro Virtual Cervantes</a>, recomienda ser activo y constante en el trabajo para mejorar la condición. Por tanto, se ajusta a la primera interpretación del proverbio inglés.</span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="background: transparent;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br />
</span></span></span></span> <span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="background: transparent;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #274e13;">Revenge is a dish best served cold= </span></b></span></span></span></span><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="background: transparent;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;">La venganza es un plato que se sirve frío / La venganza se sirve en plato frío.</span></b></span></span></span></span><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="background: transparent;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br />
</span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="background: transparent;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;"><br />
</span></b></span></span></span></span> <span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="background: transparent;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #274e13;">Never wrong for long:</span></b></span></span></span></span><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="background: transparent;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;"> </span></b></span></span></span></span><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="background: transparent;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">'It is a jibe that dates back to the early days of 24-hour news channels. It neatly links the drive to be first - even if the story is sometimes wrong - with the ability to correct it almost as quickly.' </span></span></span></span><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="background: transparent;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://bbcjournalism.oup.com/blog/posts/24-hour-news-or-never-wrong-for-long">bbcjournalism</a></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="background: transparent;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br />
</span></span></span></span> <span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="background: transparent;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">'A colleague from a TV news network was telling me the other day that its informal slogan was now “Never wrong for long.” News goes on air as it emerges in a furious competitive scramble, and then if it proves inaccurate it is supplanted rather than corrected.'</span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://www.nytimes.com/2012/09/18/opinion/18iht-edcohen-never-wrong-for-long.html?_r=0"> nytimes.com</a></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="background: transparent;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;"><br />
</span></b></span></span></span></span> <span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="background: transparent;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">Esta</span></span></span></span><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="background: transparent;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;"> </span></b></span></span></span></span><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="background: transparent;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">expresión</span></span></span></span><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="background: transparent;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;"> </span></b></span></span></span></span><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="background: transparent;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">nace de la mala praxis periodística. Viene a decir que lo importante es ser el primero en publicar la noticia sin contrastar y si resulta ser falsa o inexacta se suplanta por otra en vez de rectificarla o se corrige rápida y hábilmente con fórmulas que eluden la rectificación o fe de errores. Va en la línea de la frase </span></span></span></span><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="background: transparent;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;"><span style="font-size: large;">"No dejes que la realidad te estropee un buen titular".</span></span></b></span></span></span><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="background: transparent;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;"><br />
</span></b></span></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="background: transparent;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;"><br />
</span></b></span></span></span></span> <span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="background: transparent;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;"><br />
</span></b></span></span></span></span> <span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="background: transparent;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">Hasta aquí la primera sesión de nuestro taller. Estate atent@, habrá más en sucesivos posts...</span></span></span></span><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="background: transparent;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;"><br />
</span></b></span></span></span></span></div>
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El Blog para preparar el "writing" de la EOIhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16021124569609792366noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5854141052865681111.post-78797349556965990212013-04-15T00:43:00.000+02:002013-06-20T01:15:59.329+02:00Typical mistakes 2<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgxVJtz9lg7VgY74Kqrma6a789gX3DPpFXPcboJev1FbPiQ3GsT_OuwAxhKTZPyI-V3iTdi0_vbxP3fYTyPvqLkTLMDvXMTiUv1ciqwZ9u-l-anQgw4rTw28YflhJ2-tZ-bE5DLWdPCjBI/s1600/India2oo8-487.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="265" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgxVJtz9lg7VgY74Kqrma6a789gX3DPpFXPcboJev1FbPiQ3GsT_OuwAxhKTZPyI-V3iTdi0_vbxP3fYTyPvqLkTLMDvXMTiUv1ciqwZ9u-l-anQgw4rTw28YflhJ2-tZ-bE5DLWdPCjBI/s400/India2oo8-487.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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Aquí tienes la segunda entrega de
<i>typical mistakes, </i><span style="font-style: normal;">errores que
se suelen cometer y que trataremos de evitar. Puedes acceder a la primera parte de<i> typical mistakes</i> desde <a href="http://writingeoi.blogspot.com.es/2013/04/typical-mistakes-1.html">aquí</a>.</span></div>
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<b><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;">AFTER
/ AFTERWARDS:</span></span></span></b><b><span style="font-style: normal;"> </span></b><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">Equivalente
español: </span></span><b><span style="font-style: normal;">Después</span></b><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">.
</span></span>
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<i><b>Typical mistake:</b></i><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">*We
had tea, and after we sat in the garden for a while.</span></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-style: normal;"><i>After</i></span><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">
debe ir acompañado de un sintagma. Por ejemplo: I'll phone you </span></span><b><span style="font-style: normal;">after
I arrive. </span></b><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">Si
no existe sintagma, entonces se dice </span></span><b><span style="font-style: normal;">afterwards
</span></b><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">o
</span></span><b><span style="font-style: normal;">later</span></b><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">
o</span></span><b><span style="font-style: normal;"> then </span></b><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">o
</span></span><b><span style="font-style: normal;">after that: </span><i>We
had tea, and afterwards we sat in the garden for a while. </i></b><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">Otra
forma posible de expresar esto mismo es: </span></span><i><b>After we
had tea, we sat in the garden for a while. </b></i>
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">>Un
truco para recordar esto es imaginarse que </span></span><i><b>after</b></i><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">
es como </span></span><b><i>tras</i></b><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"> o <b>después de</b> en español, y que </span></span><i><b>afterwards</b></i><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">
es </span></span><b><i>después. </i></b><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">Ciertamente,
en español el primero tampoco puede ir solo: </span></span><i><span style="font-weight: normal;">*Tomamos
el té y tras /después de nos sentamos en el jardín un rato. </span></i><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">Detrás
de</span></span><i><span style="font-weight: normal;"> tras </span></i><span style="font-weight: normal;">o d</span><span style="font-weight: normal;">e</span><i><span style="font-weight: normal;"> después de, </span></i><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">falta
algo ¿verdad? Pues lo mismo pasa con </span></span><i><span style="font-weight: normal;">after.</span></i></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div style="font-style: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;">Resumiendo,
las oraciones correctas serían:</span></div>
<ul>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<i><b>We had tea, and afterwards
we sat in the garden for a while. </b></i>
</div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<i><b>We had tea, and then we sat
in the garden for a while. </b></i>
</div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<i><b>We had tea, and after that
we sat in the garden for a while. </b></i>
</div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<i><b>After we had tea, we sat in
the garden for a while. </b></i>
</div>
</li>
</ul>
<div style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
Y recuerda:
</div>
<ul>
<li><div style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
After = Tras</div>
</li>
<li><div style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
Afterwards = Después</div>
</li>
</ul>
<div style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="color: #7f6000;"><br /></span><span style="color: #7f6000;">
</span></div>
<span style="color: #7f6000;">
</span>
<br />
<div style="font-style: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;">I DARE SAY:</span></span>
</b><span style="font-weight: normal;">Equivalente español: <b>Supongo,
imagino que, probablemente</b>. </span><b>NO</b><span style="font-weight: normal;">
es lo mismo que </span><b><i>I dare to say, </i></b><span style="font-weight: normal;">cuyo
equivalente español es “me atrevo a decir”.</span></div>
<div style="font-style: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div style="font-style: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;">Observa
la diferencia en estos ejemplos:</span></div>
<ul>
<li><div style="font-style: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><b><i>I'll
rain tomorrow, I dare say.</i></b></span></div>
<b><i>
</i></b></li>
<li><div style="font-style: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><b><i>I
dare say you're thirsty after all that tennis.</i></b></span></div>
<b><i>
</i></b></li>
</ul>
<b><i>
</i></b>
<br />
<ul>
<li style="font-style: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><b><i>I
dare to say that he is the one who stole my necklace.</i></b></span></li>
</ul>
<div style="font-style: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;">DEAD / DIED: </span></span></b><span style="font-weight: normal;">Equivalente español: </span><b>muerto.
<i>Dead</i></b><span style="font-weight: normal;"> es un adjetivo.</span><b><i> Died</i></b><span style="font-weight: normal;">
es el pasado y participio del verbo </span><i><span style="font-weight: normal;">die.</span></i></div>
<div style="font-style: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><i>Typical
mistakes: </i></b><i><span style="font-weight: normal;">*She is dead
in a car crash. *He dead in 1910. *She is died in a car crash.</span></i></div>
<div style="font-style: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div style="font-style: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;">Oraciones
correctas:</span></div>
<ul>
<li style="font-style: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><i><b>She died in a car crash.</b></i></li>
<li><i><b>He died in 1910.</b></i></li>
<li><i><b>He is dead.</b></i><br />
</li>
</ul>
<div style="font-style: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;"><br /></span></span><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;">
</span></span></div>
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;">
</span></span>
<br />
<div style="font-style: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;">DEPEND:</span></span></b><i><b> Typical mistakes:'</b><span style="font-weight: normal;">Do
you like that kind of music?' - *'It's depend.'. *It depends of my
mood.</span></i></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<i>Depend </i><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">es
un verbo, no un adjetivo. Por tanto, </span></span><span style="font-weight: normal;"><i>is</i></span><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">
delante de </span></span><i><span style="font-weight: normal;">depend</span></i><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">
no es posible. Además la preposición que va detrás es <i><b>ON </b></i>y no <i>OF</i>.
Así, las oraciones correctas son:</span></span></div>
<ul>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<i><b>It depends.</b></i></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<i><b>It depends on my mood.</b></i></div>
</li>
</ul>
<div style="font-style: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;">DIVORCE:</span></span> <i>Typical
mistake:</i> </b><i><span style="font-weight: normal;">*My sister
divorced last year.</span></i></div>
<div style="font-style: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<i><span style="font-weight: normal;">Divorce
</span></i><span style="font-weight: normal;">necesita un objeto
directo detrás (</span><i><span style="font-weight: normal;">you
divorce somebody</span></i><span style="font-weight: normal;">). Si no
se expresa objeto directo, es decir de quién se divorcia, entonces se
utilizan las expresiones </span><i><span style="font-weight: normal;">to
get divorced </span></i><span style="font-weight: normal;">o </span><i><span style="font-weight: normal;">to
get a divorce. </span></i><span style="font-weight: normal;">Lo mismo
ocurre con </span><i><span style="font-weight: normal;">marry </span></i><span style="font-weight: normal;">y
</span><i><span style="font-weight: normal;">get married. </span></i><span style="font-weight: normal;">A
proposito de</span><i><span style="font-weight: normal;"> marry, </span></i><span style="font-weight: normal;">otro
error frecuente es utilizar la preposición</span><i><span style="font-weight: normal;">
with, </span></i><span style="font-weight: normal;">por calco del
español</span><i><span style="font-weight: normal;">: * I married
with John. </span></i><i><span style="font-weight: normal;"> </span></i></div>
<div style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
Oraciones correctas:</div>
<ul>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<i><b>My sister got divorced last
year.</b></i></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<i><b>He wants to divorce Mary.</b></i></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<i><b>My sister got married last
year.</b></i></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<i><b>He wants to marry Jane.</b></i></div>
</li>
<li>
<div style="font-style: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><i>I
married John.</i></b></div>
</li>
</ul>
<b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;">DURING / FOR:</span></span>
</b><span style="font-weight: normal;">Equivalente español: <b>Durante</b>. </span><b><i>Typical mistake: </i></b><i><span style="font-weight: normal;">*My
father was in hospital during six weeks.</span></i><br />
<div style="font-style: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div style="font-style: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<i>During </i><span style="font-weight: normal;">se
emplea para decir cuándo ocurrió algo.</span><b> </b><i>For</i><span style="font-weight: normal;">
para expresar cuánto tiempo duró algo.</span></div>
<div style="font-style: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div style="font-style: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;">Oraciones
correctas: </span>
</div>
<ul>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<i><b>My father was in hospital
for six weeks during the summer.</b></i></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<i><b>There was a storm during the
night: it rained for three or four hours.</b></i></div>
</li>
</ul>
<b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;">EFFECTIVE /
EFFICIENT:</span></span> </b><span style="font-weight: normal;">Equivalentes en
español: </span><b>Eficaz, efectivo / Eficiente. </b><span style="font-weight: normal;">También
en español solemos confundir estos términos.</span><br />
<div style="font-style: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div style="font-style: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b>En inglés</b><i><span style="font-weight: normal;">
efficient </span></i><span style="font-weight: normal;">puede
referirse a una persona que trabaja de una manera organizada y
sacando máximo rendimiento del tiempo; y también a una máquina o
sistema que funciona bien. Por ejemplo:</span></div>
<ul>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<i><b>I've sorted out all my
letters and filed them alphabetically – isn't that efficient of
me?</b></i></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<i><b>The German telephone system
is highly efficient.</b></i></div>
</li>
</ul>
<div style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
Por su parte, se dice que algo es <i>effective </i>cuando resuelve un
problema en particular o consigue el resultado deseado. Ejemplos:</div>
<ul>
<li><div style="font-style: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><i>My
headache's much better. Those tablets are effective.</i></b></div>
<i>
</i></li>
<i>
</i>
<li><div style="font-style: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><i>I think a
wide black belt would look very effective with that dress.</i></b></div>
</li>
</ul>
<div style="font-style: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b>En español
</b><i><span style="font-weight: normal;">eficiente </span></i><span style="font-weight: normal;">según
el diccionario de la RAE significa que “tiene capacidad de disponer
de alguien o de algo para conseguir un efecto determinado”. Dicho
de persona, ‘competente, que rinde en su actividad’.</span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<i><span style="font-weight: normal;">Eficaz
o efectivo </span></i><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">significa
que “tiene capacidad de lograr el efecto que se desea o se espera”.
En referencia a cosas es preferible usar los adjetivos eficaz o
efectivo.</span></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;">FOR: </span></span></span><i>Typical mistake: </i></b><span style="font-weight: normal;"><i>*We
went to the pub for having a drink.</i></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div style="font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<i>For </i><span style="font-style: normal;">puede
usarse para referirse a la finalidad o el propósito de algo, pero
cuando va seguido de un sustantivo o un sintagma nominal. Ejemplos: </span>
</div>
<ul>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<i><b>We went to the pub for a
drink.</b></i></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<i><b>I went to the college for an
interview.</b></i></div>
</li>
</ul>
<div style="font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-style: normal;">Si
lo que tenemos es un verbo, entonces se utiliza </span><i>TO.
</i><span style="font-style: normal;">Ejemplos: </span>
</div>
<ul>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<i><b>We went to the pub to have a
drink.</b></i></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<i><b>I went to the college to see
him.</b></i></div>
</li>
</ul>
<i>For + -ing</i> es posible cuando se expresa para qué sirve un objeto. Ejemplo: <i><b>Is that cake for eating or just for looking at?</b></i><br />
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;">IN CASE / IF:</span></span></span></b><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">
</span></span><i><b>Typical mistake: </b><span style="font-weight: normal;">*I'll
come and see you in case I pass through London.</span></i></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<i><span style="font-weight: normal;">In
case</span></i><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">
no es lo mismo que </span></span><i><span style="font-weight: normal;">if.
In case</span></i><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">
se usa para referirse a cosas que hacemos como medida de precaución.
El equivalente en español es </span></span><i><span style="font-weight: normal;">por
si (acaso). </span></i><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">Ejemplos:
</span></span>
</div>
<ul>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-style: normal;"><i>You
should insure your house in case there is a fire.</i></span></b></div>
<i>
</i></li>
<i>
</i>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-style: normal;"><i>Take
John's address with you, in case you have time to see him when
you're in London.</i></span></b></div>
</li>
</ul>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">La
corrección de la oración errónea es: </span></span><i><b>I'll come
and see you if I pass through London.</b></i></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div style="font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<i>In case of </i><span style="font-style: normal;">se
suele utilizar en avisos y en esos casos sí es lo mismo que </span><i>if:</i></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<i><b>In case of fire, break glass (=If
there is a fire...)</b></i></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div style="font-style: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;">MOST:</span></span> <i>Typical
mistakes: </i></b><i><span style="font-weight: normal;">*The most
people agree with my attitude. *Most of people are afraid of
something.</span></i></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<i><span style="font-weight: normal;">Most
</span></i><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">en
el primer ejemplo es un artículo, por lo que no puede ir acompañado de
otro artículo.</span></span></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><i>Most</i>
también puede ser un pronombre. Con </span></span><i><span style="font-weight: normal;">of
</span></i><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">puede
usarse delante de otro artículo u otro pronombre:</span></span></div>
<ul>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<i><b>I've eaten most of the
salad.</b></i></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<i><b>I'm pretty happy most of the
time.</b></i></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<i><b>I've read most of your
books.</b></i></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<i><b>Most of us feel the same
about the war.</b></i></div>
</li>
</ul>
<div style="font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
Sin embargo, <i>most of </i>no puede usarse delante de un sustantivo
sin artículo. Se puede decir <i><b>most of the people</b></i>, <i><b>most of
these people</b></i> o <i><b>most people</b></i>, pero no<i> *most of people</i>.
<br />
<br />
Resumiendo:<br />
<ul>
<li><i>Most + noun </i>(sin artículo): <i><b>Most people</b></i></li>
<li><i>Most of +</i> artículo<i> + noun: </i><b><i>Most of these people</i></b></li>
<li><i>Most of + pronoun: </i><b><i>Most of them</i></b></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">Oraciones
correctas:</span></span></div>
<ul>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<i><b>Most people agree with my
attitude.</b></i></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<i><b>Most people are afraid of
something.</b></i></div>
</li>
<li><b><i>Most of the people in this room are young.</i></b></li>
</ul>
<div style="font-style: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;">POSSIBILITY /
OPPORTUNITY:</span></span> <i>Typical mistake:</i></b><i><span style="font-weight: normal;">*I
have the possibility to go to Denmark.</span></i></div>
<div style="font-style: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div style="font-style: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<i><span style="font-weight: normal;">Possibility
</span></i><span style="font-weight: normal;">no suele ir seguido de
un infinitivo, además de que no es frecuente decir que alguien tiene
una posibilidad sino que hay o existe una posibilidad.</span></div>
<div style="font-style: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;">Con
el verbo </span><i><span style="font-weight: normal;">have</span></i><span style="font-weight: normal;">
es preferible el término </span><i><span style="font-weight: normal;">opportunity
+ To </span></i><span style="font-weight: normal;">o</span><i><span style="font-weight: normal;"> of -ing.</span></i></div>
<div style="font-style: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<div style="font-style: normal; margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;">Oraciones
correctas:</span></div>
<ul>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<i><b>There is a possibility of my
going to Denmark.</b></i></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<i><b>There is a possibility that
I may be able to go to Denmark.</b></i></div>
</li>
<li><div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<i><b>I have the opportunity to go
(of going) to Denmark.</b></i></div>
</li>
</ul>
<b> </b><span style="font-size: x-small;"> Fuente: <i>Practical English Usage</i>. Michael Swan. Ed. Oxford.</span><br />
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm;">
<br /></div>
<b><span style="color: #783f04;"><span style="font-size: large;">ON THE OTHER HAND:</span></span></b><b><span style="color: #783f04;"><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></span></b>
<br />
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
La traducción al español suele ser
"por otro lado", o "por otra parte"... Y aquí
empieza el lío ya que en español podemos encontrar dos posibles
usos.
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<b>Uno que expresa contraste:</b><br />
<b><br /></b></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<i>Por una parte </i><i><span style="font-weight: normal;">es un
sitio ameno, pero </span></i><i>por otra </i><i><span style="font-weight: normal;">está
muy distante de la ciudad.</span></i><i> </i><a href="http://lema.rae.es/drae/?val=parte">Rae</a><i> </i><br />
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b>Y otro que añade otro aspecto o consideración, no necesariamente
contrario o antagónico:</b><br />
<b><br /></b></div>
<div style="font-weight: 400; text-align: justify;">
<i>En la actualidad, Eroski cuenta con
una red superior a 2.100 establecimientos y para este año tienen
previstas varias aperturas en el País Vasco, entre supermercados
propios y franquiciados. En todo el Estado, la previsión de
aperturas de supermercados franquiciados es de 60 a lo largo de este
año.</i></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<i><b><b><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;">Por
otra parte</span></span></b></b><b><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">,
</span></span></span></b></i><i><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">este mismo año acometerá alrededor de 50 reformas en la red
comercial, que van desde pequeñas reformas de mantenimiento hasta
transformaciones integrales de algunas tiendas para adecuarlas al
nuevo modelo de tienda "contigo". También se realizarán
eco-reformas para mejorar la eficiencia energética de las
tiendas</span></span></span></i><i><b><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">. </span></span></span></b></i><span style="color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><a href="http://www.eldiario.es/norte/euskadi/Eroski-Euskadi-supermercado-proximidad-inversion_0_144535919.html">eldiario</a></span></span></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;">Veamos la definición de </span><i><span style="font-weight: normal;">on
the other hand </span></i><span style="font-weight: normal;">que
ofrece el <a href="http://oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/hand?q=on+the+other+hand#hand__111">diccionario online Oxford:</a></span><b> </b><span style="font-weight: normal;">“used
to present factors which are opposed or which support opposing
opinions."</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><br /></span>
<i><span style="font-weight: normal;">On the one hand I'd like a
job that pays more, but on the other hand I enjoy the work I'm doing
at the moment.</span></i></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">Queda
claro entonces que si hacemos uso de </span></span><i><span style="font-weight: normal;">on
the other hand</span></i><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">,
debe haber un contraste o dos lados opuestos de una cosa o situación
y que, por tanto, en inglés no sería adecuado utilizarlo como equivalente a "por otra parte" en ese segundo sentido antes mencionado. Fíjate en los siguientes ejemplos:</span></span><span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><br /></span></span>
<br />
<span style="font-style: normal;"><span style="font-weight: normal;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div style="font-weight: 400; text-align: justify;">
<i>D'Alimonte believes there is now "a
serious risk of split". One of the biggest contradictions within
the M5S, he said, was "the claim to participatory democracy, and
<b>on the other hand</b> the leadership style of Mr Grillo". </i><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-style: normal;"><a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2013/jun/19/beppe-grillo-ms5-mp-ejection?INTCMP=SRCH">TheGuardian</a></span></span></div>
<div style="font-weight: 400; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span>
</div>
<div style="font-weight: 400; text-align: justify;">
<i>On the one hand smokers should have
the right to smoke if they want to, but on the other hand non-smokers
should have the right to breathe smoke-free air.</i></div>
<div style="font-weight: 400; text-align: justify;">
<br />
<i>On the one hand I love the freedom
of being single, but on the other hand the idea of being married and
having a family is very attractive. </i><br />
<span style="font-style: normal;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-style: normal;">Pincha
en<a href="http://www.englishclub.com/ref/esl/Idioms/Body/on_the_one_hand_on_the_other_hand_17.htm"> este enlace</a> de donde se han extraído estos dos últimos ejemplos y
haz el </span><i><a href="http://www.englishclub.com/ref/esl/Idioms/Body/on_the_one_hand_on_the_other_hand_17.htm">quick quiz</a>
</i><span style="font-style: normal;">propuesto.</span></div>
El Blog para preparar el "writing" de la EOIhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16021124569609792366noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5854141052865681111.post-88338709992589347722013-04-07T23:24:00.000+02:002013-04-14T20:02:45.238+02:00Typical mistakes 1<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg6isGSUQefx_DO6uxxgdsODWZyC7VdHLY3iW-Sk6VWcHYYl0e84rWynvCP3pG72Zv6y-1kdGD_4Lx71WHOSpC_CSu5XPmjOi85AJVEliV_cY17JUvFris6sGo3UFe_RSCsrBWF4ElFOgo/s1600/India2oo8-1113.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="265" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg6isGSUQefx_DO6uxxgdsODWZyC7VdHLY3iW-Sk6VWcHYYl0e84rWynvCP3pG72Zv6y-1kdGD_4Lx71WHOSpC_CSu5XPmjOi85AJVEliV_cY17JUvFris6sGo3UFe_RSCsrBWF4ElFOgo/s400/India2oo8-1113.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
<br />
Hay errores de uso sistemáticos que vamos a identificar con el fin de evitarlos en nuestros escritos. De esta manera, iremos un paso por delante:<br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #783f04;"><b>AWARE:</b></span> </span><span style="font-size: small;">Es un adjetivo cuyo equivalente aproximado al español es "informado" o " consciente". A menudo se quiere expresar en inglés "ser consciente de" y se utiliza este adjetivo como si fuera un verbo </span>escribiendo erróneas oraciones de tipo *<i>I aware that he will come, </i>para decir "soy consciente de que vendrá", por ejemplo. La forma correcta sería: <i><b>I AM aware that..</b>. </i><br />
<i><br /></i>
Aquí tienes oraciones correctas:<br />
<i><b>He said that the government was aware of the problem: </b></i>Dijo que el gobierno tenía conocimiento del problema. <b>BE AWARE OF + NOUN.</b><b><br /></b>
<b><i>I am aware that this is a risky investment: </i></b>Soy consciente de que ésta es una inversión arriesgada. <b>BE AWARE + THAT clause.</b><br />
<br />
De la misma forma, podemos utilizar el opuesto <i>unaware</i> para expresar que no se está al tanto o no se es consciente de algo o no se sabe algo<b>:</b><br />
<b><br /></b>
<b><i>He said that the government was unaware of the problem: </i></b>Dijo que el gobierno no tenía conocimiento del problema.<br />
<i><b>I was unaware that this was a risky investment: </b></i>No tenía idea de que era una inversión arriesgada.<br />
<br />
<b><span style="color: #783f04;"><span style="font-size: large;">AGREE: </span></span></b><span style="font-size: small;">Es un verbo cuyo equivalente en español es "estar de acuerdo" ,"acordar", "ponerse de acuerdo" o "dar consentimiento". Con este término ocurre lo opuesto al anterior, es decir, se añade erróneamente el verbo BE por calco del español. </span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><i><b>Typical mistake:</b></i> </span><span style="font-size: small;"><i>*I am agree with you. *I'm not agree with you.</i></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: small;">Oraciones correctas: </span><br />
<ul>
<li><span style="font-size: small;"><b><i>I agree with yo</i></b><i><b>u</b></i>.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: small;"><strong><em>I don't agree with you.</em></strong></span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: small;"><em><strong>I disagree with you.</strong></em></span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: small;"><b><i>The barrage of threats have failed to unnerve people in Seoul, just 54km from the demilitarised zone – the strip of heavily guarded land that has separated the two states since they agreed on a ceasefire, but not a peace treaty, at the end of the 1950-53 Korean war. </i></b></span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2013/apr/07/us-northkorea-postponing-missile-test?INTCMP=SRCH">The Guardian</a></span>: El aluvión de amenazas no ha conseguido amedrentar a los habitantes de Seúl, tan sólo a 54 km de la zona desmilitarizada, la franja fuertemente vigilada que ha separado los dos estados desde que acordaron el alto el fuego, que no un tratado de paz, al término de la guerra de Corea de 1950 a 1953.</li>
</ul>
<span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #783f04;">ACCORDING TO: </span></b></span><span style="font-size: small;">Equivalente español: <b>Según</b>. Se utiliza para decir que la información que se da procede de otra persona, libro, etc, y no para expresar cuál es mi opinión o la de otra persona. Por tanto, serían erróneas oraciones tipo: <i>*According to me, the rent is too high" </i>o<i> *According to his opinion, the Socialists are going to win</i>. Lo correcto en este caso sería decir: </span><br />
<ul>
<li><span style="font-size: small;"><b><i>In my opinion, the rent is too high.</i></b></span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: small;"><b><i>In his opinion, the Socialists are going to win.</i></b></span></li>
</ul>
<b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #783f04;">ACTUAL / ACTUALLY: </span></span></b><span style="font-size: small;">Equivalente español: real / realmente, de hecho. Es un falso amigo, se suele confundir con actual / actualmente (en inglés current / currently).</span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><i><b>Typical mistake: </b></i><i>*Unemployment is an actual problem. *The population of London used to be higher than actually.</i></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><i><br /></i></span>
<span style="font-size: small;">Oraciones correctas: </span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><i><b>Unemployment is a current problem.</b></i></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><i><b>The population of London used to be higher than at present.</b></i></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><i><b><br /></b></i></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><i><b>The book says he was 47 when he died, but his actual age was 45.</b></i></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><i><b>'Hello, John. Nice to see you again.' - Actually, my name is Andy.'</b></i></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><b><br /></b></span>
<b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #783f04;">ALMOST / NEARLY:</span></span></b><span style="font-size: small;"><b> </b></span><span style="font-size: small;">Equivalente español de ambos: <b>Casi</b></span><span style="font-size: small;">. En inglés son sinónimos pero se distinguen por un pequeño matiz. <i>Almost</i></span><span style="font-size: small;"><b> </b></span><span style="font-size: small;">se utiliza para expresar que algo está un poco "más cerca" que <i>nearly. </i></span><span style="font-size: small;">Así, por ejemplo</span><span style="font-size: small;"><b>, </b></span><span style="font-size: small;">a 2 km del destino se diría <i>We're almost there; </i></span><span style="font-size: small;">y a 4 km <i>We're nearly there. </i></span><span style="font-size: small;">Esto para cuando hablamos de referencias espacio-temporales o de cosas concretas o tangibles que pueden medirse o compararse<b>. </b></span><span style="font-size: small;">En otros casos con significados diferentes a éstos, no siempre se puede usar</span><span style="font-size: small;"><b> </b></span><span style="font-size: small;"><i>nearly:</i></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><i><br /></i></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><i><b>Typical mistakes:</b> *Our cat understands everything - he 's nearly human. *It's nearly incredible. *My aunt has got a strange way of talking. She nearly sounds foreign.</i></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;">En estas oraciones no existen referencias espaciales ni temporales, ni se comparan cosas concretas. En ese caso, se emplea <i>almost. </i></span><span style="font-size: small;">No se trata de una norma gramatical, es cuestión de <i>usage</i></span><span style="font-size: small;"><i> </i></span><span style="font-size: small;">o</span><span style="font-size: small;"><i> </i></span><span style="font-size: small;">usos del inglés</span><span style="font-size: small;"><i>. </i></span><span style="font-size: small;">Por tanto, se diría más bien:</span><br />
<div>
<ul>
<li><span style="font-size: small;"><i><b>Our cat understands everything - he's almost human.</b></i></span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: small;"><i><b>It's almost incredible.</b></i></span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: small;"><i><b>My aunt has got a strange way of talking. She almost sounds foreign.</b></i></span></li>
</ul>
<span style="font-size: small;">Tampoco encaja <i>nearly</i></span><span style="font-size: small;"> con <i>never, nobody, no-one, nothing, nowhere, no, none. </i></span><span style="font-size: small;">Se usan co</span><span style="font-size: small;">n </span><span style="font-size: small;"><i>almost </i></span><span style="font-size: small;">y</span><span style="font-size: small;"><i> </i></span><span style="font-size: small;">en las formas no negativas </span><span style="font-size: small;"><i>hardly:</i></span><br />
<div>
<ul>
<li><span style="font-size: small;"><i>
<span style="font-size: small;"><i><b>Almost never</b></i></span> <b>/ Hardly ever:</b> </i></span><span style="font-size: small;">Casi / Apenas nunca. </span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: small;"><b><i>Almost nobody / Hardly anybody: </i></b></span><span style="font-size: small;">Casi / Apenas nadie.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: small;"><b><i>Almost no money / Hardly no money:</i></b> Casi / Apenas nada de dinero.</span></li>
</ul>
<span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #783f04;">BORN: </span></b></span>Es el participio del verbo <i>b</i><i>ear. </i>El equivalente español de la forma verbal<i> BE BORN </i>es "nacer". En inglés se expresa en pasiva "ser tenido" o "ser traído al mundo", mientras que en español en voz activa. Por esta razón, un error muy típico de un hispanohablante es decir <i>*I born in Madrid</i> en lugar de<i> <b>I was born in Madrid.</b> </i>Observa también que<i> BE </i><u><b>siempre</b></u> va en pasado. Es incorrecto decir, por ejemplo * I am born in 1980. Lo correcto es <b><i>I was born in 1980.</i></b><br />
<b><br /></b>
<b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #783f04;">SINCE y AGO:</span></span> </b>Equivalentes en español: DESDE y<b> </b>HACE.<br />
<br />
<i><b>Since</b></i> se emplea con verbos en <i>present perfect</i> o <i>past perfect</i> (<i>simple or continuous</i>):<br />
<ul>
<li><b><i>We <span style="color: #4c1130;">have lived </span>in three different towns since last year. </i></b><i><span style="color: #4c1130;">(Present perfect simple)</span></i></li>
<li><b><i>It<span style="color: #4c1130;">'s been raining</span> since two o'clock.</i></b><span style="color: #4c1130;"><b><i> </i></b><i>(Present perfect continuous)</i></span></li>
<li><b><i>I met her last Christmas, but I <span style="color: #4c1130;">had known </span>her by sight since 1990.</i></b><i><span style="color: #4c1130;"> (Past perfect simple)</span></i></li>
<li><b><i>When she arrived, I was pretty fed up, because I <span style="color: #4c1130;">had been waiting </span>since eight o'clock. </i></b><i><span style="color: #4c1130;">(Past perfect continuous).</span></i></li>
</ul>
Observa que <b>detrás</b> de <i>since </i>sigue un punto concreto en el pasado:<i> last year, two o'clock, 1990, eight o'clock.</i><br />
<i><br /></i>
<i><b>Ago</b> </i>se emplea con verbos en <i>past simple</i> y NUNCA en<i> present perfect</i><b>:</b><br />
<ul>
<li><b><i>I met her three years ago.</i></b></li>
<li><b><i>I left school four years ago.</i></b></li>
<li><b><i>She saw him a week ago.</i></b></li>
</ul>
<i><span style="font-size: x-small;"> Fuente: Practical English Usage. Michael Swan. Ed. Oxford.</span></i><br />
<i><span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></i>
Observa que <b>delante </b>de <i>ago</i> tenemos una duración de tiempo y no un punto concreto en el pasado: <i>three years, four years, a week.</i><br />
<i><br /></i>
Uno de los errores típicos es intentar traducir la oración "Vivo en Madrid desde hace diez años" de esta manera: *I live in Madrid since ten years ago.<br />
<br />
En esta construcción hay varios problemas:<br />
<br />
1º) El tiempo verbal. En inglés <i>el simple present </i>se emplea para expresar hábitos en el presente. En esta oración, la acción de vivir en Madrid comenzó hace 10 años y sigue aún vigente. Este tipo de tiempo verbal es en inglés el <i>present perfect continuous</i>,<i> </i>es decir<i>, have been living.</i><br />
<i><br /></i>
2º) No se pueden juntar <i>ago</i> y <i>since</i> en el mismo sintagma<i>. </i>Ya hemos visto que son diferentes, precisan sintagmas diferentes<i> </i>y tiempos verbales diferentes<i>. </i>El equivalente inglés de "desde hace"<i> </i>es<i> for (=durante).</i><br />
<i><br /></i>
3º)<i> Ago</i> no encaja debido al tiempo verbal de la oración
( no es<i> past perfect</i>)
y <i>since</i><i> </i>tampoco por el sintagma que lo acompaña (no es un punto determinado en el pasado)<i>.</i><br />
<i><br /></i>
Dicho esto, ¿cómo se traduciría correctamente "Vivo en Madrid desde hace diez años"?<i> </i><br />
<b><i>I have been living ( </i></b>o<b><i> </i></b>también<b><i> have lived) in Madrid for ten years</i>.</b><i> </i>O bien<i>,<b> I have been living (</b></i>o<i><b> have lived) in Madrid since 2003.</b></i><i><br /></i><br />
<br />
Hasta aquí la primera "entrega" de <i>typical mistakes</i>. Si tienes alguna duda o aportación sobre algunos de los aspectos tratados u otros, no dudes en compartirla.<i><b><br /></b></i><br />
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</div>
El Blog para preparar el "writing" de la EOIhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16021124569609792366noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5854141052865681111.post-41350211713771693262013-03-24T23:53:00.000+01:002013-11-07T18:57:09.432+01:00General vocabulary<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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En esta entrada vamos a incluir <i>phrases</i> y expresiones útiles de los niveles B2, C1 y C2. A la izquierda de la mayoría de ellas se puede ver de qué nivel es, según el diccionario online <a href="http://dictionary.cambridge.org/">Cambridge</a>. Aunque algunas de las expresiones tratadas no sean del nivel del que te vas a examinar, no te vendrá mal aprenderlas. Esta entrada se irá completando progresivamente con más términos, así que estate atent@ a las actualizaciones
periódicas
de este post. Puedes hacer tus propias aportaciones, consultas o sugerencias a este listado a través de los comentarios.<br />
<br />
En este vídeo se explican 10 expresiones informales habituales en inglés, algunas de inglés americano:<br />
<br />
<iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="315" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/--564vFIwzs" width="560"></iframe><br /></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;">1)</span></b></span><span style="color: #660000;"><span style="font-size: large;"><b> </b></span></span><span style="color: #7f6000;"><span style="font-size: large;"><b>In<a href="http://www.thefreedictionary.com/Layman's+terms"> layman</a>'s terms</b></span><b>:</b></span><b> </b>Para los profanos o legos en la materia.<br />
<b><i>I will explain the financial crisis in layman's terms.</i></b><b><i> </i></b><br />
<b><span style="font-size: large;"><br />
</span></b> <b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;">2)</span></span></b><b><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="color: white;"><span style="background-color: #741b47;"><span style="background-color: #073763;">C1</span></span></span></span></b><b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;">L</span><span style="color: #7f6000;">et alone. </span></span></b><b><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="color: white;"><span style="background-color: #741b47;"><span style="background-color: #274e13;">B2</span></span></span></span></b><b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;">Not to mention:</span></span> </b>Y mucho menos . Y ya no hablemos de..., y para qué hablar de..., por no hablar de..., sin mencionar.<b><i> </i></b>Se utilizan estas expresiones para dar énfasis. <b><u>Registro semi-formal.</u> </b>Puedes emplearlo en <i>opinion articles, reviews, essays</i>, y en general en escritos que tengan un componente de subjetividad. <b><i><br />
</i></b><br />
<b><i><br />
</i></b> Si se utiliza<b> let alone, </b>la frase que le precede debe ser negativa, explícita o implícitamente:<br />
<i><b>The baby can't even walk, let alone run: </b></i>El bebé no sabe andar, y mucho menos correr.<br />
<i><b>I was so ill I wasn't able to get up, let alone work: </b></i><i>Estaba tan enferma que no pude levantarme, y mucho menos trabajar.</i><i><br />
</i><br />
<br />
<b>Not to mention</b> admite frases previas afirmativas o negativas:<br />
<b><i>The hotel has spacious and tastefully decorated rooms, not to mention excellent customer service: </i></b><i>El hotel tiene habitaciones espaciosas y decoradas con gusto, sin mencionar su excelente servicio al cliente.</i><br />
<br />
Pincha <a href="https://sites.google.com/site/shawnmooneyinjapan/handouts/nottomention-1/nottomentionandletalone">aquí</a> para ver más construcciones posibles de <b>let alone</b> y<b> not to mention. </b><br />
<b><span style="font-size: large;"><br />
</span></b> <b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;">3) </span></span></b><b><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="color: white;"><span style="background-color: #741b47;"><span style="background-color: #274e13;">B2</span></span></span></span></b><b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;">It goes without saying.</span> </span></b><b><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="color: white;"><span style="background-color: #741b47;"><span style="background-color: #134f5c;"><span style="background-color: #0c343d;"><span style="background-color: #073763;">C1</span></span></span></span></span></span></b><b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;">Needless to say:</span> </span></b><span style="font-size: small;">Ni que decir tiene, no hace falta decir, va implícito, cómo no, por supuesto.</span><b> </b> <u><b>Registro: semi-formal o semi-informal.</b></u> <br />
Estas expresiones no son formales ni informales completamente, están a medio camino. Se utilizan en el lenguaje hablado pero también en discursos. Asimismo, se suelen ver en <i>articles, reviews, opinion essays</i><b>. </b>Las evitaría en textos más formales como los <i>reports</i><i>, CVs o covering letters.</i><b><br />
</b><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><b><i>If you</i></b></span><i><b><span style="font-size: small;"> </span><span style="font-size: small;">ta</span></b></i><b><span style="font-size: small;"><i>ke</i></span></b><span style="font-size: small;"> <i><b>a job as a journalist, it goes without saying that sometimes you'll have to work at weekends: </b></i></span><span style="font-size: small;">Si trabajas de periodista, </span><span style="font-size: small;">no hace falta decir que tendrás que trabajar los fines de semana.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><br />
</span> <span style="font-size: small;"><i>"Poor Threadbear! Imagine having a squeaker that doesn't squeak! No one seems able to mend it, and Threadbear is afraid that Ben won't love him because he's a little bit imperfect.<b> Needless to say, </b></i></span><span style="font-size: small;"><i>there's a clever solution involving Father Christmas - but I don't want to spoil this brilliant story for you by saying any more than that!"</i></span><span style="font-size: small;"><i><b>. </b></i></span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/childrens-books-site/2013/mar/21/lucy-coats-top-10-bear-picture-books">The Guardian.</a></span> <br />
<b><span style="font-size: large;"><br />
</span></b> <b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;">4) </span></span></b><b><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="color: white;"><span style="background-color: #741b47;"><span style="background-color: #274e13;">B2</span></span></span></span></b><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;">In the long run. In the short run</span>: </b></span><span style="font-size: small;">A largo plazo. A corto plazo. <b><u>Registro: Formal. </u></b></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><b><u><br />
</u></b></span> <b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;">5)</span> </span></b><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;">On second thoughts (UK) / On second thought (US):</span> </b></span><span style="font-size: small;">Pensándolo mejor...</span> <u><b>Registro: Informal.</b></u> <br />
<i><b>I'd like a cup of coffee, please - actually, on second thoughts, I'll have a beer: </b></i>Un café, por favor. Bueno, no, pensándolo mejor tomaré una cerveza.<br />
<br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;">6)</span></span></b><i> </i><b><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="color: white;"><span style="background-color: #741b47;"><span style="background-color: #073763;">C1</span></span></span></span></b><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;">Far from it: </span></b></span><span style="font-size: small;">Nada más lejos. <u><b>Registro: Formal e informal.</b></u></span><br />
<br />
<b><i>- I expect the lecture was boring, wasn't it?<br />
- Far from it - it was the best lecture we've had so far this term.</i></b><br />
<b>- </b>Supongo que la clase fue aburrida, ¿no?<br />
- Nada más lejos, fue la mejor clase que hemos tenido hasta ahora en este trimestre.<br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;">7)</span> </span></b><b><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="color: white;"><span style="background-color: #741b47;"><span style="background-color: #274e13;">B2</span></span></span></span></b><span style="color: #7f6000;"><b><span style="font-size: large;">As/so far as I know</span></b><b><span style="font-size: large;">. As/so far as I'm concerned</span></b><b><span style="font-size: large;">. As/so far as I can tell</span></b><span style="font-size: large;">:</span></span><span style="font-size: large;"> </span><span style="font-size: small;">Por lo que yo sé. Por lo que a mí respecta, por mí. Por lo que yo entiendo o he observado. <u><b>Registro: Formal.</b></u></span><br />
<br />
<b><i>He isn't coming today, as far as I know: </i></b> Por lo que yo sé, no vendrá hoy. <br />
<b><i>She can come whenever she likes, as far as I'm concerned: </i></b> Por mí, puede venir cuando quiera.<br />
<b><i>There's been no change, as far as I can tell: </i></b> Por lo que yo entiendo, no ha habido ningún cambio.<br />
<br />
<span style="background-color: white;"><span style="background-color: white;"><b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="background-color: #741b47;"><span style="background-color: #741b47;"><span style="background-color: #f3f3f3;"><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="color: #7f6000;">8)</span></span></span></span></span></span></b></span></span><b><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="color: white;"><span style="background-color: #741b47;"><span style="background-color: #073763;">C1</span></span></span></span></b><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;">Far from sth:</span> </b></span><span style="font-size: small;">Lejos de. </span><b><span style="font-size: small;"><u>Registro: Formal e informal</u>.</span></b><br />
<b><i>The situation is far from clear: </i></b>La situación está lejos de ser clara.<br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;">9)</span></b></span><span style="background-color: #741b47;"><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><i> </i><b>C2</b></span></span></span><b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;">Far from being/doing sth: </span></span></b><span style="font-size: small;">Lejos de ser / hacer algo</span><i>. </i><u><b>Registro: Formal e informal.</b></u><br />
<i><b>She insisted that, far from being easy, it would be a difficult period: </b></i>Insistió<i> </i>en que, lejos de ser fácil, sería un período difícil.<br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;">10)</span> </span></b><b><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="color: white;"><span style="background-color: #741b47;">C2</span></span></span></b><b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;">Go so far as to say: </span></span></b><span style="font-size: small;">Atreverse a decir /afirmar, llegar a decir. <u><b>Registro: Formal e informal.</b></u></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><b><i>It's good, but I wouldn't go so far as to say that it's great: </i></b></span><span style="font-size: small;">Es bueno, pero no me atrevería a decir que es genial / pero tampoco diría que es genial.</span><span style="font-size: small;"><u><b><br />
</b></u></span><br />
<span style="color: #7f6000;"><span style="font-size: small;"><u><b><br />
</b></u></span> <b><span style="font-size: large;">11)</span></b><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></span><b><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="color: white;"><span style="background-color: #741b47;">C2</span></span></span></b><b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;">So far, so good: </span></span></b><span style="font-size: small;">Hasta aquí todo bien, hasta aquí todo normal, por ahora bien, vale. <u><b>Registro: Formal e informal.</b></u></span><span style="font-size: small;"><u><b><br />
</b></u></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><b><i>I've found a tin of beans. So far so good, but where is the tin opener?</i></b></span><span style="font-size: small;"><b>: </b></span><span style="font-size: small;">He encontrado una lata de alubias. Vale, pero ¿dónde está el abrelatas?</span><span style="font-size: small;"><u><b><br />
</b></u></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><u><b><br />
</b></u></span> <span style="font-size: small;"><b><i>- How's your new office assistant getting on?</i><i><br />
</i><i>- So far, so good. He's settling in and there haven't been any big problems.</i></b></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;">- Qué tal lo lleva tu nuevo administrativo?</span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;">- Por ahora bien. Se está instalando y no ha habido grandes problemas.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><b><br />
</b></span> <i><span style="font-size: small;"><b>- </b></span><b><span style="font-size: small;">How's the meeting going?</span></b></i><br />
<i><b><span style="font-size: small;">- So far, so good - but they haven't signed the contract yet.</span></b></i><br />
<span style="font-size: small;">- Qué tal va la reuníón?</span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;">- Hasta ahora bien, pero no han firmado el contrato todavía.</span><br />
<i><b><span style="font-size: large;"><br />
</span></b></i> <b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;">12)</span></span></b><i> </i><b><a href="http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/british/quid-pro-quo?q=quid+pro+quo"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="color: white;"><span style="background-color: #741b47;"><span style="background-color: #073763;">C1</span></span></span></span></a></b><b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;"><a href="http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/british/quid-pro-quo?q=quid+pro+quo">Quid pro quo</a>:</span></span></b><i> </i>En contrapartida, como compensación, una cosa por otra, a cambio de.<i> </i><b><u>Registro: Formal e informal.</u></b><br />
<b><u><br />
</u></b> <i><b>The government has promised food aid as a quid pro quo for the stopping of violence: </b></i>El gobierno ha prometido ayuda alimentaria a cambio del fin de la violencia.<br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;">13) </span></b></span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><b><span style="color: white;"><span style="background-color: #741b47;"><span style="background-color: #274e13;">B2</span></span></span></b></span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;">In this/that regard (</span></b></span><span style="font-size: small;">also</span><span style="font-size: small;">,</span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;"> in this/that respect): </span></b></span><span style="font-size: small;">En este/ese sentido , a este/ese respecto. <b><u>Registro: Formal.</u></b></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><b><i>The union is the largest in the country and in that regard is best placed to serve its members: </i></b></span><span style="font-size: small;">Es el sindicato más</span><span style="font-size: small;"> grande del país, y en ese sentido es el que en mejor situación está para servir a sus afiliados.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><br />
</span> <span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;">14)</span></b></span><span style="font-size: small;"> </span><b><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="color: white;"><span style="background-color: #741b47;"><span style="background-color: #274e13;">B2</span></span></span></span></b><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;">In/with regard to</span></b></span><span style="font-size: small;">. </span><b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;">Regarding. In/with reference to. </span></span></b> <b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;">Concerning</span></span></b><b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;">: </span></span></b><span style="font-size: small;">Con respecto a. En referencia a. En cuanto a. <b><u>Registro: Formal.</u></b></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><b><i>I am writing to you with regard to your letter of 15 March: </i></b></span><span style="font-size: small;">Le escribo en referencia a su carta del 15 de marzo.</span><br />
<b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;"><br />
</span></span></b> <b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;">15)</span></span></b><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;"> </span></b></span><b><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="color: white;"><span style="background-color: #741b47;"><span style="background-color: #073763;">C1</span></span></span></span></b><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;">Regardless</span></b></span><span style="font-size: small;"> </span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;">of. Irrespective of: </span></b></span><span style="font-size: small;">Independientemente de, con independencia de, sin tener en cuenta, sin tener en consideración. <u><b>Registro: Formal.</b></u></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><br />
</span> <span style="font-size: small;"><i><b>All our proposals were rejected regardless of their merits: </b></i></span><span style="font-size: small;">Todas nuestras propuestas fueron rechazadas sin tener en cuenta sus méritos</span><span style="font-size: small;">.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><br />
</span> <span style="font-size: small;"><i><b>This is a film that can be enjoyed by anyone, irrespective of age: </b></i></span><span style="font-size: small;">Es una película que puede gustar a cualquiera, independientemente de la edad.</span><span style="font-size: small;"><br />
</span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><br />
</span> <b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;">16)</span></span></b><span style="font-size: small;"> </span><b><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="color: white;"><span style="background-color: #274e13;">B2</span></span></span></b><span style="color: #7f6000;"><span style="font-size: large;"><b>Strangely enough / Funnily enough:</b></span></span><span style="font-size: large;"> </span><span style="font-size: small;">Curiosamente</span><span style="font-size: small;">, casualmente, sorprendentemente. <u><b>Registro: Formal e informal.</b></u></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><br />
</span> <span style="font-size: small;"><b><i>Funnily enough, I was just thinking about you when you called: </i></b></span><span style="font-size: small;">Casualmente, estaba pensando en ti cuando llamaste.</span><span style="font-size: small;"><br />
</span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><br />
</span> <span style="font-size: small;"><b><i>Strangely enough, when it came to the exam I actually felt quite relaxed: </i></b></span><span style="font-size: small;">Curiosamente, en el momento del examen estaba bastante tranquilo.</span><span style="font-size: small;"><br />
</span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><br />
</span> <b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;">17)</span></span></b><span style="font-size: small;"> </span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><b><span style="color: white;"><span style="background-color: #351c75;"><span style="background-color: #0c343d;">C1</span></span></span></b></span><span style="font-size: small;"> </span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;">Thereby / Therein, Therein lies...:</span></b></span><span style="font-size: small;"> De ese modo, por consiguiente, así / Incluído, De ahí, Ahí reside...</span><b><span style="font-size: small;"><u>Registro: Formal.</u></span></b><span style="font-size: small;"><br />
</span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><br />
</span> <span style="font-size: small;"><b><i>Diets that are high in saturated fat clog up our arteries, thereby reducING the blood flow to our hearts and brains: </i></b></span><span style="font-size: small;">Las dietas ricas en gasas saturadas obstruyen las arterias, </span><span style="font-size: small;">reduciendo así el flujo sanguíneo al corazón y al cerebro. (<span style="color: #0c343d;">nota: observa que el verbo que sigue va en gerundio</span>).</span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><br />
</span> <span style="font-size: small;"><br />
</span> <span style="font-size: small;"><b><i>It is a thrilling tale of a haunted house and the ghosts therein: </i></b></span><span style="font-size: small;">Es una historia escalofriante de una casa encantada con fantasmas incluídos.</span><span style="font-size: small;"><br />
</span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><br />
</span> <span style="font-size: small;"><b><i>Respondents to a Guardian survey of readers on their experience of internet privacy threw up the following frequent complaints:</i></b><b><i><br />
</i></b><b><i>• Difficulties with erasing social media accounts and ensuring all data therein is deleted</i></b><b><i>.</i></b></span><span style="font-size: small;"><b><i>..</i></b> </span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/technology/2013/apr/04/right-forgotten-internet-campaign?INTCMP=SRCH">The Guardian</a></span><span style="font-size: small;"><br />
</span><br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br />
</span> <span style="font-size: small;">En una encuesta realizada por el </span><span style="font-size: small;">diario</span><span style="font-size: small;"> <i>The Guardian</i> a sus lectores acerca de la privacidad en la red según su experiencia, los encuestados expresaron las siguientes quejas:</span><br />
- Las dificultades para darse de baja de cuentas de redes sociales y asegurarse de que se borran todos los datos en ellas incluídos...<br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><b><i><br />
</i></b></span> <span style="font-size: small;"><b><i>Downtown Project, says Hsieh, is all about getting people to interact, because therein lie success and happiness: </i></b></span><span style="font-size: small;">El proyecto <i>Downtown</i></span><span style="font-size: small;">, dice Hsieh, pretende que las personas interactúen, porque ahí residen el éxito y la felicidad. </span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2013/mar/24/las-vegas-tony-hsieh-regeneration?INTCMP=SRCH">The Guardian</a></span><br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;">18) </span></b></span><b><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="color: white;"><span style="background-color: #4c1130;">C2</span></span></span></b><span style="font-size: x-small;"> </span><b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;">Strive to + infinitive / Strive for or after something </span></span></b><b><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: #274e13;">(past strove /strəʊv/ or strived; past participle striven /ˈstrɪv(ə)n/ or strived)</span></span></b><b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;">:</span></span></b><span style="font-size: small;"> Esforzarse por alcanzar algo, luchar. Es éste un buen verbo que aprender y practicar. La definición proporcionada por<a href="http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/british/strive?q=strive"> el diccionario online Cambridge </a>dice así: <i>"to try very hard to do something or to make something happen, especially for a long time or against difficulties"</i>= intentar con todas tus fuerzas hacer algo o hacer que ocurra algo, especialmente durante un largo período de tiempo o frente a la adversidad. Define a la perfección casi una filosofía de vida que, sobre todo, en estos momentos de incertidumbre puede servirnos de inspiración para superar toda crisis personal, social, de valores, económica, política o financiera.</span><span style="font-size: x-small;"> </span><span style="font-size: small;"><b><u>Registro: Formal.</u></b></span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: small;">Aquí tienes algunos ejemplos:</span><br />
<ul>
<li><i><b>A principle of need, on the other hand, proposes that we strive for an equal outcome in which all society or group members get what they need. </b></i><a href="http://www.beyondintractability.org/bi-essay/principles-of-justice"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Source: Principles of Justice and Fairness.</span></a></li>
<li><span style="font-size: small;"><b><i><a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/society/2005/aug/17/socialexclusion.comment?INTCMP=SRCH">Striving for equality.</a></i></b></span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: small;"><b><i><a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/poverty-over/christian-aid-poverty-conflict-diaster-health?INTCMP=SRCH">Striving for a fairer world</a>.</i></b></span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: small;"><b><i><a href="http://kmarchdesign.blogspot.com.es/2007/08/must-strive-to-be-like-moon.html">"We must strive to be like the moon"</a></i></b></span><span style="font-size: x-small;"> <i> </i></span><a href="http://www.alongwaygone.com/ishmael_beah.html"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><i>A Long Way Gone: Memoirs of a Boy Soldier</i>. Ishmael Beah</span></a></li>
</ul>
<b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;">19)</span></span></b><span style="font-size: small;"><b> </b></span><b><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="color: white;"><span style="background-color: #4c1130;">C2</span></span></span></b><span style="font-size: small;"><b> </b></span><b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="background-color: #7f6000;"><span style="background-color: black;"><span style="color: #7f6000;"><span style="background-color: white;">So to speak:</span></span></span></span></span></b><span style="font-size: small;"><b> </b></span><span style="font-size: small;">Por así decirlo. <u><b>Registro: Informal.</b></u></span><br />
<br />
<b><i>In that relationship it's very much Lorna who wears the trousers, so to speak: </i></b>En esa relación Lorna es quien lleva los pantalones, por así decirlo.<br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;">20)</span></b></span> <span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="color: white;"><span style="background-color: #274e13;"><b>B2</b></span></span></span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;">To some extent:</span></b></span> Hasta cierto punto. <b><u>Registro: Formal e informal.</u></b><br />
<b><u><br /></u></b>
<b><i>To some extent, she was responsible for the accident:</i> </b>Hasta cierto punto, ella era responsable del accidente.<b><u><br /></u></b><br />
<b><u><br /></u></b>
<span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;">21)</span></b></span> <span style="font-size: x-small;"><b><span style="color: white;"><span style="background-color: #4c1130;">C2</span></span></b></span> <span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;">Mind you:</span></b></span> Eso sí; bueno, tampoco te creas (que)...<b><u> Registro: Informal</u></b><br />
<b><u><br /></u></b>
<b><i>He's very untidy about the house; mind you, I'm not much better: </i></b>Es muy desordenado para la casa; bueno, tampoco te creas, yo no soy mucho mejor.<b><u><br /></u></b><br />
<b><u><br /></u></b>
<b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;">22)</span></span> <span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="color: white;"><span style="background-color: #4c1130;"><span style="background-color: #274e13;">B2</span></span></span></span> <span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;">In terms of / In...terms: </span></span></b>En cuanto a / En términos, en materia... <b><u>Registro: Formal e informal</u></b><b><u><br /></u></b><br />
<br />
<b><i>In terms of money, I was better off in my last job: </i></b>En cuanto a dinero, andaba mejor en el trabajo anterior.<br />
<b><i><br /></i></b>
<b><i>In financial terms, the project was not a success: </i></b>El proyecto no tuvo éxito en materia económica.<b><i><br /></i></b><br />
<b><br /></b>
<b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;">23)</span></span> <span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="color: white;"><span style="background-color: #4c1130;">C2</span></span></span> <span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;">By all means:</span></span> </b>Por supuesto, desde luego, faltaría más. <b><u>Registro: Formal.</u></b><b><u><br /></u></b><br />
<b><i>'</i></b><i><b>May I borrow this book?' - 'By all means.':</b> </i>"¿Puedes prestarme este libro?" " Por supuesto."<br />
<br />
No confundir con <i><b>by all possible means</b></i>, cuyo equivalente en español es "por todos los medios (posibles)"<b>:</b><br />
<b><i>We must help him by all possible means: </i></b>Debemos ayudarle por todos los medios.<br />
<br />
El opuesto de <i><b>by all means</b></i> no es <span style="font-size: x-small;"><b><span style="color: white;"><span style="background-color: #073763;">C1</span></span></b></span><i><b>b</b></i><i><b>y no means </b></i>(o <b><i>not by any means</i></b>), cuyo equivalente aproximado en español es "en absoluto" o "de ningún modo" o "de ninguna manera":<br />
<i><b>'Is that all you've got to say?' - 'By no means.': </b></i>"¿Es eso todo lo que tienes que decir<i>?" </i>"En absoluto."<br />
<b><i>Galileo was by no means the first person to use a telescope / Galileo was not by any means the first person to use a telescope:</i></b> Galileo no fue de ningún modo la primera persona en usar un telescopio.<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span><br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><i>Fuente: Practical English Usage. Michael Swan. Ed.Oxford.</i></span><br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;">24) Course of action: </span></b></span><span style="font-size: small;">Línea de actuación, modo de proceder. <b><u>Registro: Formal.</u></b></span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;"><br /></span></b></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;"><br /></span></b></span>
<b><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Everyone knows something needs to be done to prevent another crisis, but will the G20 leaders agree on a course of action?:</i></span></b><b><span style="font-size: small;"> </span></b><span style="font-size: small;">Todo el mundo sabe que es necesario hacer algo para evitar otra crisis, pero ¿se pondrán de acuerdo los líderes del G20 sobre la línea de actuación a seguir? </span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><i><a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2009/sep/24/g20-pittsburgh-banking-obama?INTCMP=SRCH">The Guardian</a></i></span><br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;">25) </span></b></span><b><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="color: white;"><span style="background-color: #4c1130;">C2</span></span></span></b><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;"> </span></b></span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;"><a href="http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/british/verbatim?q=verbatim">Verbatim</a></span></b></span><span style="font-size: small;"> (adverb, adjective) </span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;">/</span></b></span><span style="font-size: small;"> </span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><b><span style="color: white;"><span style="background-color: #274e13;"> B2</span></span></b></span><span style="font-size: small;"> </span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;">Word-for-word</span></b></span><span style="font-size: small;"> (adjective) </span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;">/</span></b></span><span style="font-size: small;"> </span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><b><span style="color: white;"><span style="background-color: #274e13;">B2</span></span></b></span><span style="font-size: small;"> </span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;">To the letter</span></b></span><span style="font-size: small;"> <i>(If you obey instructions or rules to the letter, you do exactly what you have been told to do, giving great attention to every detail)</i>: Al pie de la letra, literalmente.</span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><i><a href="http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/british/to-the-letter?q=to+the+letter"> Fuente: Cambridge Dictionaries Online.</a></i></span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><b><i>She had an amazing memory and could recall verbatim quite complex conversations: </i></b></span><span style="font-size: small;">Tenía una memoria increíble y podía memorizar conversaciones complejas al pie de la letra.</span><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><b><i>A verbatim account:</i></b> Un relato al pie de la letra.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><b><i>...anyone in the world with an internet connection could follow, raw and verbatim, what officers were saying among themselves: </i></b></span><span style="font-size: small;">...desde cualquier lugar del mundo con conexión a internet se podía seguir, en directo y literalmente, lo que los policías hablaban entre sí.</span><span style="font-size: small;"><b> </b></span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><i><a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2013/apr/22/boston-bombings-witchhunt-social-media">The Guardian</a></i></span><br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><i><br /></i></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><b><i>I can give you a word-for-word transcript of what we talked about: </i></b></span><span style="font-size: small;">Te puedo dar la transcripción literal de lo que hablamos.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><br /><b><i>a word-for-word copy of a government report: </i></b></span><span style="font-size: small;">una copia literal de un informe del gobierno.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><b><i><br /></i></b></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><b><i>I followed the instructions to the letter and it still went wrong: </i></b></span><span style="font-size: small;">He seguido las instrucciones al pie de la letra y aun así no ha salido bien.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;">26)</span></b></span><span style="font-size: small;"> </span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><b><span style="color: white;"><span style="background-color: #073763;">C1</span></span></b></span><span style="font-size: small;"> </span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;">Alongside:</span></b></span><span style="font-size: small;"> Junto a, junto con, conjuntamente, al lado de, codo con codo, con. <b><u>Registro: Formal e informal.</u></b></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><b><i>A car pulled up alongside (ours): </i></b></span><span style="font-size: small;">Un coche se detuvo junto al nuestro.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span>
<b><span style="font-size: small;"><i>Most of the staff refused to work alongside the new team:</i> </span></b><span style="font-size: small;">La mayoría de los trabajadores se negaron a trabajar con el nuevo equipo</span><b><span style="font-size: small;">.<br />
</span><i>
</i></b><br />
<b><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></b>
<b><span style="font-size: small;"><i>The UK fought alongside France, Turkey, and Sardinia during the Crimean War:</i> </span></b><span style="font-size: small;">El Reino Unido, Francia, Turquía y Cerdeña lucharon conjuntamente / codo con codo durante la guerra de Crimea.</span><b><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></b><br />
<b><span style="font-size: small;"><i><br /></i></span></b>
<b><span style="font-size: small;"><i>A Buddhist priest in Japan is breaking the mould by offering cocktails alongside prayers and sermons:</i> </span></b><span style="font-size: small;">Un monje budista en Japón rompe el molde al ofrecer cócteles junto con oraciones y sermones.</span><b><span style="font-size: small;"> </span></b><span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/video/2013/mar/28/tokyo-bar-buddhist-video?INTCMP=SRCH"><i>The Guardian</i></a></span><b><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></b><br />
<b><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></b>
<b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;">27)</span></span></b><b><span style="font-size: small;"> </span></b><b><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="color: white;"><span style="background-color: #274e13;">B2</span></span></span></b><b><span style="font-size: small;"> </span></b><b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;">Along with sb/sth:</span></span></b><b><span style="font-size: small;"> </span></b><span style="font-size: small;">Además de. <b><i><u> Registro: Formal e informal.</u></i></b></span><span style="font-size: small;"><b><i><br /></i></b></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><b><i><br /></i></b></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><b><i>California, along with Florida and Hawaii, is among the most popular US tourist destinations: </i></b></span><span style="font-size: small;">California, además de Florida y Hawai, está entre los destinos turísticos más populares de Estados Unidos.</span><span style="font-size: small;"><b><i><br /></i></b></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><b><i><br /></i></b></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><b><i>Yoshinobu Fujioka hands out advice along with his 'soul-cleansing' cocktails, which include 'perfect bliss' and 'infinite hell': </i></b></span><span style="font-size: small;">Yoshinobu Fujioka ofrece consejo además de sus cócteles "purificadores del alma"</span><span style="font-size: small;">, entre los que están "dicha perfecta"</span><span style="font-size: small;"><b><i> </i></b></span><span style="font-size: small;">e</span><span style="font-size: small;"><b><i> </i></b></span><span style="font-size: small;">"infierno infinito".</span><span style="font-size: small;"><b><i> </i></b></span><i><span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/video/2013/mar/28/tokyo-bar-buddhist-video?INTCMP=SRCH">The Guardian</a></span></i><span style="font-size: small;"><b><i><br /></i></b></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><b><br /></b></span>
<b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;">28)</span></span></b><span style="font-size: small;"><b> </b></span><b><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="color: white;"><span style="background-color: #741b47;">C2 </span></span></span></b><b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;"><a href="http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/british/albeit?q=albeit">Albeit</a></span></span></b><span style="font-size: small;"><b> </b></span><span style="font-size: small;">(conjunction - <b><u>formal </u></b>)</span><span style="font-size: small;"><b> </b></span><b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;">/ </span></span></b><b><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="color: white;"><span style="background-color: #0c343d;">C1 </span></span></span></b><b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;"><a href="http://www.howjsay.com/index.php?word=notwithstanding&submit=Submit">Notwithstanding</a></span></span></b><span style="font-size: small;"> (preposition, adverb - <u><b>formal</b></u>)</span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;">:</span></b></span><span style="font-size: small;"> Si bien, aunque, a pesar de.</span><span style="font-size: small;"><b><br /></b></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><b><br /></b></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><b><i>He tried, albeit without success:</i> </b></span><span style="font-size: small;">Lo intentó, aunque sin lograrlo.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><b><br /></b></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><b><i>Meetings are essential, albeit irritating:</i></b></span><span style="font-size: small;"> Las reuniones son esenciales, si bien irritantes. </span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/money/2001/aug/06/careers.jobsadvice5?INTCMP=SRCH">The Guardian</a></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><b><br /></b></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><b><i>The evening was very pleasant, albeit a little quiet: </i></b></span><span style="font-size: small;">La velada fue muy agradable, si bien un poco tranquila.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><b><br /></b></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><b><i>Prince of Wales calls for revolution – albeit a sustainable one:</i></b> El príncipe de Gales hace un llamamiento a la revolución, si bien una revolución sostenible. </span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/2010/oct/05/prince-charles-book-harmony?INTCMP=SRCH">The Guardian</a></span><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: small;">> Observa cómo se utiliza<i> albeit</i>, seguido de un sintagma nominal o adjetival y no de una oración.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;">> Haz clic en la palabra para consultar la pronunciación.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><b><i>Notwithstanding some members' objections, I think we must go ahead with the plan:</i></b> A pesar de las objeciones de algunos socios, pienso que debemos seguir adelante con el plan. </span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/language/askaboutenglish/2010/07/100713_aae_notwithstanding.shtml">BBCLearningEnglish</a></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><b><i><br /></i></b></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><b><i>Notwithstanding the global financial crisis, China's economy continues to grow at an impressive rate: </i></b></span><span style="font-size: small;">A pesar de la crisis financiera mundial, la economía en China continúa creciendo a una velocidad impresionante.</span><span style="font-size: small;"> </span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/language/askaboutenglish/2010/07/100713_aae_notwithstanding.shtml">BBCLearningEnglish</a></span><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span><br />
<i><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><b>> </b></span><span style="font-size: small;">Notwithstanding </span></i><span style="font-size: small;">va seguido de un sintagma nominal y, generalmente, al principio de la oración. Pincha <a href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/language/askaboutenglish/2010/07/100713_aae_notwithstanding.shtml">aquí</a> para más información sobre este término.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;">> Haz clic en la palabra para oír la pronunciación.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;">29)</span></b></span><span style="font-size: small;"> </span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><b><span style="color: white;"><span style="background-color: #073763;">C1</span></span></b></span><span style="font-size: small;"> </span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;">Whatsoever</span></b></span><span style="font-size: small;"> (adverb)</span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;">:</span></b></span><span style="font-size: small;"> En absoluto, para nada, de ninguna manera, de ningún tipo. <b><u>Registro: Formal e informal.</u></b></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: small;">> Se utiliza detrás de una frase negativa para dar énfasis a la idea expresada.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><b><i>He has no respect for authority whatsoever: </i></b></span><span style="font-size: small;">Para nada tiene respeto por la autoridad.</span><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><b><i>I can honestly say that I have no interest whatsoever in the royal family: </i></b></span><span style="font-size: small;">Sinceramente </span><span style="font-size: small;">no tengo ningún tipo de interés por la familia real.</span><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><b><i>"Had you any idea what was happening at the time?" "None whatsoever.": </i></b></span><span style="font-size: small;">"¿Tienes idea de lo que estaba pasando entonces?" "Para nada."</span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><b><i>In the US, for example, a 3% increase in GDP tends to be accompanied by a 1% fall in unemployment. In France, the same amount of GDP growth reduces unemployment by only half a percent. In Japan, there is no relationship whatsoever: </i></b></span><span style="font-size: small;">En Estados Unidos, por ejemplo, un aumento del 3% en el PIB va acompañado de un descenso del desempleo de un 1% y tan sólo de un 0,5% en Francia. En Japón no hay ningún tipo de relación entre el PIB y el desempleo. </span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/business/economics-blog/2013/may/01/economics-of-enough">The Guardian</a></span><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;">30)</span></b></span><span style="font-size: small;"> </span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><b><span style="color: white;"><span style="background-color: #073763;">C1</span></span></b></span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;">Namely</span></b></span><span style="font-size: small;"> (adverb)</span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;">:</span></b></span><span style="font-size: small;"> Concretamente, a saber. <b><u>Registro: Formal</u></b></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><b><i>We need to get more teachers into the classrooms where they're most needed, namely in high poverty areas: </i></b></span><span style="font-size: small;">Necesitamos más profesores en las aulas donde más se les necesita, concretamente en las zonas más pobres.</span><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><b><i>Until the competition, Groen has never been to South Africa. When he finally did, one thing struck him very powerfully: namely, the number South Africans (around 25%) who live off the electricity grid and for which his wonderful invention was therefore useless: </i></b></span><span style="font-size: small;">Hasta el concurso, Groen no había estado nunca en África. Cuando finalmente fue, hubo algo que le llamó poderosamente la atención, concretamente la cantidad de sudafricanos (aproximadamente un 25%)</span><span style="font-size: small;"> que viven fuera de la red eléctrica y para quienes esta maravilla de invento era, por tanto, inservible. </span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/sustainable-business/sustainability-consultant-entrepreneur-stories-sell?INTCMP=SRCH">The Guardian</a></span><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;">31) Account for sth </span></b></span><span style="font-size: small;">(phrasal verb)</span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;">:</span></b></span><span style="font-size: small;"> Representar (en el sentido de "ser imagen o símbolo de algo, o imitarlo perfectamente"), dar cuenta de. <b><u>Registro: Formal.</u></b></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><b><i><br /></i></b></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><b><i>Students account for the vast majority of our customers:</i></b> Los estudiantes representan la gran mayoría de nuestros clientes.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span>
<b><span style="font-size: small;"><i>That was the period when the government decided that Bangladesh was to become a link on the global commodity chain for garment manufacturing, which now accounts for 80% of its export earnings: </i></span></b><span style="font-size: small;">En esos años el gobieno decidió que Bangladesh sería un eslabón en la cadena mundial de producción textil, la cual en la actualidad representa el 80% de sus ingresos de exportaciones.</span><b><span style="font-size: small;"> </span></b><span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2013/apr/30/bangladesh-workers-need-more-than-boycotts">The Guardian</a></span><br />
<b><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></b>
<b><span style="font-size: small;"><i>I had to account for every penny I spent:</i> </span></b><span style="font-size: small;">Tuve que dar cuena de cada penique gastado.</span><br />
<b><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></b>
<b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;">32)</span></span></b><b><span style="font-size: small;"> </span></b><b><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="color: white;"><span style="background-color: #274e13;">B2</span></span></span></b><b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;">For the sake of:</span></span></b><span style="font-size: small;"> Por el bien de, en aras de, en pro de.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><b><i>Their parents only stayed together for the sake of the children:</i></b></span><span style="font-size: small;"> Sus padres siguieron juntos sólo por el bien de los hijos.</span><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><b><i>"For the sake of cutting just a few pounds a week from their benefits, families and individuals are being forced out of their homes, to be put up in B&Bs or temporary accommodation that costs us all far more."</i></b>: "En aras de recortar unas pocas libras a la semana de sus prestaciones, las familias y particulares se están viendo obligados a dejar sus hogares para ser realojados en B&B o en alojamientos temporales cuyo coste es mucho más elevado."</span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/society/2013/may/19/uk-spends-2bn-housing-homeless-short-term?INTCMP=SRCH">The Guardian</a></span><br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;">33)</span></b></span><span style="font-size: x-small;"> </span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><b><span style="color: white;"><span style="background-color: #274e13;">B2</span></span></b></span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;">However</span></b></span><span style="font-size: x-small;"> </span><span style="font-size: small;">(adverb)</span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;">:</span></b></span><span style="font-size: small;">Por muy/mucho/más que.... (a pesar de).</span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span><br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: small;">Este uso de nivel avanzado de <i>however</i> es distinto del de<i> however</i> para expresar contraste que habitualmente traducimos por "sin embargo". </span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: small;">Fíjate en los ejemplos para ver cómo se utiliza:</span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><b><i>However hungry I am, I never seem to be able to finish off a whole pizza: </i></b></span><span style="font-size: small;">Por mucha hambre que tenga, nunca me puedo acabar una pizza entera.</span><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><b><i>If Emma likes something she'll buy it however much it costs: </i></b></span><span style="font-size: small;">Si a Emma le gusta algo, se lo compra cueste lo que cueste</span><span style="font-size: small;"> </span><span style="font-size: small;"><b>(otra posible traducción al español de este uso de</b></span><span style="font-size: small;"><i><b> </b></i><i><b>however</b></i></span><span style="font-size: small;"><b>).</b></span><span style="font-size: small;"><i><b><br /></b></i></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><b><br /></b></span>
<b><span style="font-size: small;"><i>The justice secretary is a huge fan of outsourcing, and has a talent for ignoring troublesome evidence, however compelling: </i></span></b><span style="font-size: small;">El ministro de Justicia es un gran fan de externalizar y tiene un talento especial para hacer caso omiso de toda evidencia problemática por muy incontestable que sea. </span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2013/may/29/privatising-courts-system-public-citizens">The Guardian</a></span><br />
<b><span style="font-size: small;"><u><span style="color: #7f6000;"><br /></span></u></span></b>
<b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;">34)</span></span></b><b><span style="font-size: small;"> </span></b><b><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="color: white;"><span style="background-color: #274e13;">B2</span></span></span></b><b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;"><a href="http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/british/roughly_1?q=roughly">Roughly</a> </span></span></b><span style="font-size: small;">(adverb)</span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;">, roughly speaking:</span></b></span><span style="font-size: small;">Aproximadamente, más o menos, grosso modo.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: small;">Este adverbio es un buen sustituto del "more or less" del que tienden los hispanohablantes a abusar cuando hablan inglés. Fíjate en los ejemplos:</span><br />
<b><span style="font-size: small;"><u><br /></u></span></b>
<b><span style="font-size: small;"><i>We have roughly similar tastes/roughly the same tastes:</i></span></b><span style="font-size: small;"> </span><span style="font-size: small;">Tenemos más o menos los mismos gustos.</span><b><span style="font-size: small;"><u><br /></u></span></b><br />
<b><span style="font-size: small;"><i><br /></i></span></b>
<b><span style="font-size: small;"><i>There has been an increase of roughly 2.25 million: </i></span></b><span style="font-size: small;">Ha habido un crecimiento de aproximadamente 2,25 millones. Aquí también se podría decir: <i><b>There </b></i></span><span style="font-size: small;"><i><b>has been an increase of approximately 2.25 million.</b></i><i><b><br /></b></i></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><i><b><br /></b></i></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><i><b> But roughly speaking, it is a way of telling a person who is making a political point that they should remember they are speaking from a privileged position, because they are, for example, white, male, heterosexual, able-bodied or wealthy: </b></i></span><span style="font-size: small;">Pero es más o menos</span><span style="font-size: small;"><i><b> </b></i></span><span style="font-size: small;">una manera de decirle a una persona que está defendiendo una postura política que debería recordar que está hablando desde una posición privilegiada porque es, por ejemplo blanco, hombre, heterosexual, sano o rico. </span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/society/2013/jun/05/check-your-privilege-means">The Guardian</a></span><span style="font-size: small;"><i><b><br /></b></i></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><b><br /></b></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><b>> </b></span>
<span style="font-size: small;">Haz clic en la palabra para escuchar la pronunciación.</span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><b><br /></b></span><br />
<b><span style="font-size: small;"><u><br /></u></span></b>
<b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;">35)</span></span></b><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="background-color: #0c343d;"><span style="color: white;"><b> </b><b>C1</b></span></span></span><b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;">On the basis of / On a regular basis / On a daily basis:</span></span></b><br />
<span style="font-size: small;">A partir de, basándonos en, según, de acuerdo con / De forma regular, regularmente, con regularidad / Día a día, diariamente.</span><br />
<b><span style="font-size: small;"><u><br /></u></span></b>
<span style="font-size: small;"><b><i>Decisions were often made on the basis of (= using) incorrect information: </i></b>Las decisiones se tomaban a partir de información incorrecta. </span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><b><span style="color: #660000;">Nota: </span></b><a href="http://www.aulafacil.com/cursosenviados/erroreslenguaje.htm"><b><span style="color: #660000;">"En base a"</span></b></a><b><span style="color: #660000;"> es una expresión i</span></b></span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><b><span style="color: #660000;">ncorrecta</span></b></span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><b><span style="color: #660000;"> en español.</span></b></span><u><span style="font-size: x-small;"><b><span style="color: #660000;"><br /></span></b></span></u><br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><b><span style="color: #660000;"><br /></span></b></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><b><i>She needed coaching on a regular basis: </i></b></span><span style="font-size: small;">Necesitaba que le dieran clases con regularidad.</span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span><br />
<u><span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></u>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><b><i>A "comprehensive service funded by taxation" continues to represent the heart of the NHS. Its pulse is the hugely impressive sense of vocation that, in spite of recent appalling cases, the majority of NHS staff display on a daily basis for relatively little reward: </i></b></span><span style="font-size: small;">Un "servicio integral financiado con impuestos" sigue siendo representativo del NHS (National Health Service).</span><span style="font-size: small;"><b><i> </i></b></span><span style="font-size: small;">Su pulso es el impresionante sentido de la vocación que, a pesar de los desafortunados recientes casos, la mayoría del personal del NHS</span><span style="font-size: x-small;"> </span><span style="font-size: small;">muestra día a día a cambio de una recompensa relativamente pequeña.</span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2013/jun/30/happy-birthday-nhs-stay-public?INTCMP=SRCH">The Guardian</a></span><br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;">36) </span></b></span><b><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="color: white;"><span style="background-color: #0c343d;">C1</span></span></span></b><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;"><a href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/language/2013/09/130926_todays_phrase_in_a_nutshell.shtml">In a nutshell</a>:</span></b></span><span style="font-size: x-small;"> </span><span style="font-size: small;">En resumidas cuenta</span><span style="font-size: small;">s, en pocas palabras.</span><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;"><br /></span></b></span><br />
<b><i>Well, to put it in a nutshell, we're lost:</i></b><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #7f6000;"> </span></b></span><span style="font-size: small;">Vale, en pocas palabras, estamos perdidos.</span><b><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></b><br />
<b><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></b>
<b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;">37) In a bid to: </span></span></b>En un intento de.<b><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></b><br />
<br />
<strong><em>...books are getting longer in a crazy bid to confer on the literati's waifs an evolutionary advantage over their peers: </em></strong>...los libros son cada vez más largos en un intento loco de otorgar a los desvalidos de los literatos una ventaja evolutiva sobre sus iguales. <span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://www.theguardian.com/culture/2013/nov/05/digital-distractions-attention-spans-tv-series">The Guardian</a></span><br />
<b><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></b>
<b><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></b></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span><span style="font-size: small;">
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<span style="font-size: small;"><b><i><br /></i></b></span></b>El Blog para preparar el "writing" de la EOIhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16021124569609792366noreply@blogger.com5tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5854141052865681111.post-36579220183077448102013-03-17T22:06:00.002+01:002015-02-01T20:14:40.973+01:00PoliticsVamos a dedicar este post a recopilar términos y expresiones relacionadas con la política, otro de los temas de actualidad del que conviene conocer vocabulario específico así como algunas referencias culturales en torno a los sistemas políticos de los países anglosajones.<br />
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<b><u>Political parties:</u></b><br />
<b><u><br />
</u></b> <b>Right-wing political party: </b>Partido político de derecha.<br />
<b>Far-right political party: </b>Partido político de extrema derecha.<br />
<b>Left-wing political party: </b>Partido político de izquierda.<br />
<b>Far-left political party: </b>Partido político de extrema izquierda. <br />
<b>Centre political party: </b>Partido político de centro.<br />
<b>Centre-right political party: </b>Partido político de centro derecha.<br />
<b>Centre-left political party:</b> Partido político de centro izquierda.<br />
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<b>Radicals (who believe in rapid change) and progressives (who believe in measured, incremental change) vs. conservatives (who believe in preserving the status quo) vs. reactionaries (who believe in changing things to a previous state): </b>Radicales (abogan por un cambio rápido) y progresistas (creen en un cambio mesurado, progresivo) vs conservadores (defienden el mantenimiento del status quo o la situación actual) vs reaccionarios (abogan por el regreso al pasado).<br />
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<b><a href="http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/british/welfare-state?q=welfare+state">Welfare state</a>: </b>Estado de bienestar.<br />
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<b><u>POLITICS OF THE UNITED KINGDOM:</u></b><br />
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</u></b> <b><a href="http://www.linguee.es/espanol-ingles/search?source=auto&query=constitutional+monarchy">Constitutional monarchy</a>: The Monarch is the head of state and the Prime Minister is the head of government:</b> Monarquía constitucional: El monarca es el jefe de estado y el primer ministro es el jefe de gobierno.<br />
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<b><u>Executive power</u>, exercised by Her Majesty's Government as well as by the devolved Governments of Scotland and Wales, and the Northern Ireland Executive: </b>El poder ejecutivo recae en el gobierno de Su Majestad así como en los gobiernos descentralizados o autonómicos de Escocia y Gales y en el ejecutivo de Irlanda del Norte.<br />
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<i><b>The United Kingdom government and the Scottish government have agreed to work together to ensure that a referendum on Scottish independence can take place: </b></i><i>Los gobiernos del Reino Unido y Escocia han acordado trabajar conjuntamente para garantizar la celebración de un referéndum </i><i>por la independencia de Escocia.</i><br />
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<b><u>Legislative power</u>: the two chambers of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, the House of Commons and the House of Lords, as well as the Scottish parliament and Welsh and Northern Ireland assemblies: </b>El poder legislativo: las dos cámaras del parlamento del Reino Unido, la Cámara de los Comunes (la cámara baja, similar al Congreso de los Diputados) y la Cámara de los Lores (la cámara alta, similar al Senado), así como el parlamento escocés y las asambleas de Gales y de Irlanda del Norte.<br />
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<b>MP(= Member of Parliament): </b>Parlamentario.<br />
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</b></u> <u><b><a href="http://www.linguee.es/espanol-ingles/search?source=auto&query=judicial+power">Judicial power</a>: <a href="http://www.linguee.es/espanol-ingles/search?source=auto&query=the+judiciary">The judiciary</a></b></u><i><b>: </b></i>Poder judicial.<br />
<b><i>The highest national court is the <a href="http://www.linguee.es/espanol-ingles?query=supreme+court&source=english">Supreme Court </a>of the United Kingdom: </i></b><i>La Corte Suprema del Reino Unido es el más alto tribunal del Reino Unido.</i><br />
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</i> <u><b>UK political parties</b><i>:</i></u><br />
<b>The Conservative Party (the Tories): </b>El Partido Conservador.<br />
<b>The Labour Party: </b>El Partido Laborista.<br />
<b>The Liberal Democrats: </b>El Partido Liberal Demócrata.<br />
<b>Nationalist parties:</b> Scottish National Party, <a href="http://www.forvo.com/word/plaid_cymru/">Plaid Cymru</a> (Nationalist Party of Wales), <a href="http://www.forvo.com/word/sinn_f%C3%A9in/">Sinn Féin</a>.<br />
<b><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Political_parties_in_the_United_Kingdom">Other political parties</a></b><br />
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</b> Este vídeo relata "a lo Monty Phyton" la historia política británica desde 1066 hasta 2008 (es decir, hasta Tony Blair; después fue Primer Ministro Gordon Brown y en la actualidad, como ya sabemos, David Cameron). Fue realizado para l@s alumn@s de "Comparative Politics" del colegio americano Georgetown Day School (GDS)<b>. </b>Al final del vídeo hace una comparativa de cargos del colegio con el Gabinete (<b>the Cabinet</b>). Antes de verlo, echa un vistazo a los siguientes términos mencionados que tal vez no conozcas: <b><br />
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<b>The Chanchellor of the Exchequer: </b>Ministr@ de Hacienda.<br />
<b>The Home Secretary: </b>Ministr@ del Interior.<br />
<b>The <b>Foreign Secretary: </b></b>Ministr@ de Asuntos Exteriores.<br />
<b>Secretary of Defense:</b> Ministr@ de Defensa.<br />
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<u><b>POLITICS OF THE UNITED STATES:</b></u><br />
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</b></u> <b>Federal constitutional republic: </b>República constitucional federal.<br />
<b>The President of the United States is the head of state and head of government: </b>El presidente de Estados Unidos es el jefe de estado y de gobierno.<br />
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<b><u>Executive power</u> is headed by the President: </b>El poder ejecutivo está encabezado por el Presidente.<br />
<b><u>Legislative power</u>: the two chambers of Congress, the Senate and the House of Representatives:</b> El poder legislativo: las dos cámaras del Congreso, que son el Senado y la Cámara de Representantes.<br />
<b><u>Judicial power / The judiciary</u>: the Supreme Court and lower federal courts: </b>Poder judicial: La Corte Suprema y los tribunales federales.<br />
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<u><b>US political parties:</b></u><br />
<b>The Democratic Party: </b>El partido demócrata.<br />
<b>The Republican Party: </b>El partido republicano.<br />
<b><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_the_United_States">Other political parties</a></b><u><b><br />
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</b></u> <b>To hold elections: </b>Celebrar elecciones.<br />
<b><a href="http://www.linguee.es/espanol-ingles/search?source=auto&query=ballot">Ballot</a>:</b> Voto, papeleta electoral.<br />
<b>Ballot box: </b>Urna.<br />
<b>Go to the polls</b>: Votar, acudir a las urnas.<br />
<b><a href="http://www.linguee.es/espanol-ingles/search?source=auto&query=polls">Polls</a>: </b>Ésta es una palabra polisémica en inglés. Puede hacer referencia a votos, comicios, colegios electorales, sondeo, encuesta... Pincha en el enlace para ver distintos ejemplos.<br />
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<u><b>Elections in the United States:</b></u><br />
<b>The President is elected indirectly by the people through an Electoral College: </b>El Presidente es elegido indirectamente por los votantes a través del Colegio Electoral (no confundir con nuestros colegios electorales, lugar donde se va a votar: <b>polling station</b>).<u><b><br />
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Este vídeo explica de manera sencilla cómo son las elecciones presidenciales norteamericanas en las que no siempre el candidato que más votos obtiene es quien gana las elecciones:<br />
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<span style="color: #274e13;">> <span style="font-size: large;">Quizás te interese la lectura de este breve artículo sobre los <i>lobbies</i></span></span><span style="color: #274e13;"><span style="font-size: large;"><b> </b>y su influencia en las políticas, del que podrías extraer vocabulario específico sobre el tema:</span></span><b><br />
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</b> <b><u><a href="http://blog.transparency.org/2009/09/14/what-is-%E2%80%98lobbying%E2%80%99-and-its-link-to-corruption/">What is ‘lobbying’ and its link to corruption?</a></u></b><br />
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</b> <b>Back-corridor negotiation on proposed legislation is a practice that runs from Brasília to Washington, Bruxelles to ar-Rabāṭ. However, the relationships between policy-makers and interest groups walk a fine ethical line that separates participatory democracy from state capture.<br />
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Striking legislative deals are generally considered to be just one part of broader lobbying efforts undertaken by groups advocating for their interests to be represented in the policy-making process. Lobbyists can work in a variety of organisations, such as public affairs and law firms, ‘think tanks’, in-house units of corporations, trade associations or non-governmental organisations. For example, Transparency International (TI) regularly lobbies at G8 meetings for the enforcement of anti-corruption conventions. Gaining access to decision-makers and helping to shape the political developments in a country are just two objectives of an ambitious lobbyist.<br />
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Lobbying has experienced remarkable growth in recent years. There are now an estimated 15,000 lobbyists who have put down their roots in Brussels, striving for their voice to be heard by the EU. In the US, American lobbying expenses have almost doubled over the last decade, reaching US$ 2.8 billion in 2007.<br />
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Yet when large business interests and corporations become involved, there is a danger that the tenuous balance between legitimate and illegitimate lobbying activities will be quickly lost and that the scales can tip towards undue influence gained through corrupt practices.<br />
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This problem is reflected in the definition of lobbying, as set forth in TI’s ‘Anti-Corruption Plain Language Guide’:<br />
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“Any activity carried out to influence a government or institution’s policies and decisions in favour of a specific cause or outcome. Even when allowed by law, these acts can become distortive if disproportionate levels of influence exist — by companies, associations, organisations and individuals.”<br />
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But how does lobbying cross the line to become corruption? TI’s Global Corruption Report 2009: Corruption and the Private Sector takes this question to task. The report breaks down the issue of lobbying, explaining how businesses with extensive funds to back their lobbying activities and close relationships with lawmakers can gain disproportionate access to the policy-making process in ways that are unavailable to the common citizen. When safeguards for transparency and accountability are limited, this can lead to illegal, undue and unfair influence in a country’s policies and politics.</b><br />
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</b>El Blog para preparar el "writing" de la EOIhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16021124569609792366noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5854141052865681111.post-54254364505977306072013-03-10T23:48:00.000+01:002013-09-11T18:51:59.078+02:00ScienceAquí encontrarás algunos términos y expresiones relacionadas con el tema <i>Science </i>para nuestro <a href="http://writingeoi.blogspot.com.es/search/label/banco%20l%C3%A9xico">banco léxico</a><i>.</i> Recuerda que tus sugerencias, consultas y aportaciones al respecto son más que bienvenidas.<br />
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Watch this video about three chemistry experiments that changed the world:<br />
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</u></b></span> <span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #bf9000;"><b><u><a href="http://www.howjsay.com/index.php?word=achievements&submit=Submit">Achievements</a>, advances and contributions of modern <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medicine">medical science</a></u></b></span><b><u><span style="color: #741b47;">:</span></u></b></span><span style="font-size: large;">Logros, avances y contribuciones de la medicina moderna:</span><b><u><span style="color: #741b47;"><br /></span></u></b><br />
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</span></u></b> <b>The <a href="http://www.howjsay.com/index.php?word=eradication&submit=Submit">eradication</a> of infectious diseases:</b> La erradicación de enfermedades infecciosas.<br />
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<b>The prevention of nutritional deficiencies:</b> La prevención de deficiencias nutricionales.<br />
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<b>Successful treatments for once deadly infections:</b> Tratamientos eficaces para infecciones antes mortales.<br />
<i><b>Without science, many people alive today would have instead died of diseases that are now easily treated</b>.</i><br />
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<b>The discovery of <a href="http://www.howjsay.com/index.php?word=antibiotics">antibiotics</a>: </b>El descubrimiento de los antibióticos.<br />
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<b>The discovery of <a href="http://www.howjsay.com/index.php?word=vaccines&submit=Submit">vaccines</a>:</b> El descubrimiento de las vacunas.<br />
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<i><b>General </b><b><a href="http://www.howjsay.com/index.php?word=anesthesia&submit=Submit">anesthesia</a> put an end to much of the pain of operations</b></i><i>.</i><br />
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<b>The discovery of DNA structure: <i>At this point in time, the benefits of gene therapy are more promise than reality</i>. <i>There's another potential benefit to the unravelling of DNA: predicting the likelihood of disease by looking at your genetic code.</i></b><br />
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<b><u><span style="font-size: large;">Advance in medical human cloning</span></u></b><span style="font-size: large;">: Avances en la clonación humana con fines médicos o terapeúticos :</span><br />
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<b>Embryonic stem cells: </b>Células madre embrionarias.<b><br /></b><br />
<b>Early-stage embryos:</b> Embriones en fase temprana (blastocitos - 5 ó 6 días de desarrollo).<br />
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<b><i>APPLICATIONS OF THERAPEUTIC CLONING: This finding offers new ways of generating stem cells for patients with dysfunctional or damaged tissues and organs: </i></b>Este hallazgo proporciona nuevas formas de generar células madre para pacientes con tejidos u órganos disfuncionales o dañados. <span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/science/2013/may/15/human-embryonic-stem-cells-adult-tissue">The Guardian</a></span><br />
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<span style="font-size: small;"><b><i>THE TECHNIQUE: ...they fuse a skin cell and an egg with its nucleus removed, then apply an electric shock to make the resulting cell grow. The process has worked in some animals, but until now had failed in humans: </i></b></span><span style="font-size: small;">...fusionan una célula adulta de la piel y un óvulo, al que se le ha extraído el núcleo; luego se le aplica una descarga eléctrica para hacer que la célula resultante crezca. La técnica ha funcionado en algunos animales, pero hasta ahora había fallado en personas.</span><span style="font-size: x-small;"> <a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/science/2013/may/15/human-embryonic-stem-cells-adult-tissue">The Guardian</a></span><br />
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<span style="font-size: small;"><b><i>The cloned embryos were used as a source of stem cells, which can make new heart muscle, bone, brain tissue or any other type of cell in the body: </i></b></span><span style="font-size: small;">Los embriones clonados se usaban como fuente de células madre para generar nuevas células del corazón, óseas, del tejido cerebral</span><span style="font-size: x-small;"> </span><span style="font-size: small;">o cualquier otro tipo de célula del cuerpo.</span><span style="font-size: small;"> </span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-22540374">BBC News</a></span><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span><br />
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<b><i><span style="font-size: small;">ETHICAL ISSUES : Opponents of the new technique argue that all embryos, whether created in the lab or not, have the potential to go on to become a fully-fledged human, and as such it is morally wrong to experiment on them: </span></i></b><span style="font-size: small;">Los que están en contra de la nueva técnica sostienen que </span><span style="font-size: small;">todo embrión, creado o no en el laboratorio, puede seguir desarrollándose hasta convertirse en una persona con todas las de la ley, y como tal es inmoral experimentar con ellos.</span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-22540374"> BBC News</a></span><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span><br />
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<span style="font-size: small;"><b><i>However advocates of the new technique say that the embryos created from this technique could never become viable human beings: </i></b></span><span style="font-size: small;">Sin embargo, los defensores dicen que los embriones creados</span><span style="font-size: x-small;"> </span><span style="font-size: small;">mediante esta técnica nunca podrían convertirse en seres humanos.</span><span style="font-size: small;"> </span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-22540374">BBC News</a></span><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span><br />
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</i></b> <span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="color: #bf9000;"><u>Earth Science</u></span>: </b>Ciencias de la Tierra</span><b><i><br />
</i></b> <b><i>Earth scientists use tools from physics, chemistry, biology, chronology and mathematics to build a quantitative understanding of how the Earth system works, and how it evolved to its current state.</i></b><br />
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</i></b> <b><i>The formal discipline of Earth sciences include the study of the atmosphere, <a href="http://www.howjsay.com/index.php?word=hydrosphere&submit=Submit">hydrosphere</a>, oceans and <a href="http://www.howjsay.com/index.php?word=biosphere&submit=Submit">biosphere</a>, as well as the solid earth</i>.</b><br />
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</b> <b><span style="color: #bf9000;"><u>Benefits of science:</u></span></b><br />
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<li><b>Science has provided comfort to human beings: Household appliances </b>(electrodomésticos), <b>air-conditioner, heater...</b><b><span style="color: #bf9000;"><u><br />
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<li><b>There is a wide <a href="http://www.howjsay.com/index.php?word=variety&submit=Submit">variety</a> of means of transportation</b> (medios de transporte)<b> such as buses, cars, trains and aeroplanes, which have shortened distances.</b></li>
<li><b>Advances in medical care and pharmacological interventions have increased our life expectancy </b>(esperanza de vida)<b>.</b></li>
<li><b>Science provides us with knowledge and a greater understanding of the world around us.</b></li>
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<b><span style="color: #bf9000;"><u>Negative impact of science:</u></span></b><br />
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<li><b>The industrial development has brought significant environmental damage and new diseases.</b></li>
<li><b>The <a href="http://www.howjsay.com/index.php?word=development&submit=Submit">development</a> of destructive weapons.</b></li>
<li><b>The cruelty of animal testing.</b></li>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #274e13;">> Lee este </span><span style="color: #274e13;">artículo</span><span style="color: #274e13;"> acerca de la diferencia entre los términos "descubrimiento" e "invento". Fíjate en las expresiones idiomáticas y conectores destacados, que puedes incorporar a tus escritos.</span></span></span><span style="color: #bf9000;"><u><span style="font-size: small;"><b><br /></b></span><span style="font-size: small;"><b>
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<b><span style="font-size: large;">Difference Between Discovery and Invention</span></b><br />
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<b><span style="font-size: large;">Discovery vs Invention</span></b><br />
<b><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></b><span style="font-size: small;">In a casual everyday conversation, one would most likely interchange the words ‘discovery’ and ‘invention’, </span><b><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="http://www.linguee.es/espanol-ingles/search?source=auto&query=nonchalantly">nonchalantly</a> </span></b><span style="font-size: small;">so. Many would settle with the presumption that these are one and the same. <b><span style="color: #741b47;">On the other hand</span></b>, there are those who would like to debate that they are entirely different for a good number of ineligible reasons. And the determining factor, the object they point to. <a href="http://www.linguee.es/espanol-ingles/search?source=auto&query=rule+of+thumb"><b>Rule of thumb</b></a> is that discoveries apply to those that have been long existent, while inventions, to those that have never existed in the past.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;">To invent <a href="http://www.linguee.es/espanol-ingles/search?source=auto&query=is+akin+to"><b>is akin to</b> </a>creating something completely distinct and was non-existent <a href="http://www.linguee.es/espanol-ingles/search?source=auto&query=prior+to"><b>prior to</b></a> the act. In natural sciences, a thing or an instance is considered as such when it <a href="http://www.linguee.es/espanol-ingles/search?source=auto&query=embodied"><b>is embodied</b></a> in artifacts, tools, machinery etc. Examples of inventions would be wheels, automobile, scissors, umbrella, ballpoint pen, telephone <b><span style="color: #741b47;">and so on</span></b>. Inventions are derived from materials that have been previously discovered and even from a collection and integration of earlier inventions. <b><span style="color: #741b47;">For instance</span></b>, the wheel is an invention derived from wood, rubber or metal – materials that have been in existence ever since. <b><span style="color: #741b47;">Another example</span></b> – the ballpoint pen is an invention that integrated prior discoveries and inventions such as ink, metal, and plastic tube. <b><span style="color: #741b47;">In other words</span></b>, it is an integration of materials that produced an entirely distinct tool. To invent is to plan and produce something to meet a specific purpose. For instance, the invention of scissors was driven by the need for a tool that can cut objects efficiently and meticulously. It was designed for a specific purpose.</span></div>
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Discovery is an entirely different thing. It is to detect something new. Note the verb ‘to detect’. It does not necessarily mean to create or produce the object of discovery, but rather it is to make it known. Most importantly, discoveries apply to any <b><span style="color: #741b47;">natural</span></b> <a href="http://www.linguee.es/espanol-ingles/search?source=auto&query=occurrence"><b>occurrence</b></a>. Isaac Newton discovered gravity; he did not invent it. <b><span style="color: #741b47;">Scientifically speaking</span></b>, gravity is something that has already existed even before the Earth was formed. Newton did not create it. He detected and gave a name to it. Discoveries let people know and recognize<b><span style="color: #741b47;"> factual occurrences</span></b> that have existed long before. For instance, before Newton gave a distinction to what we now call gravity, the public were not aware or consciously concerned of it. The discovery of it led to<b><span style="color: #741b47;"> public awareness</span></b>. It made them understand the concept behind such force and not to mention, led to further <a href="http://www.linguee.es/espanol-ingles/search?source=auto&query=ground-breaking+discovery"><b>ground-breaking discoveries</b></a> that unraveled how the universe works. Like inventions, discoveries can be purposely planned through explorations or can be unexpected as well. For example, guys at NASA send teams to conduct space exploration partly for new discoveries. They may have or not have a hint of what they are about to find.<br />
<b><br /></b><a href="http://www.thefreedictionary.com/by+and+large"><b>By and large</b></a>, invention and discovery work hand in hand. As mentioned earlier, inventions are a result of materials and occurrences discovered even prior to the thought of coming up with the invention. A good example would be the automobile, an original creation derived from metals, gas, rubber and other <b><a href="http://www.linguee.es/espanol-ingles/search?source=auto&query=raw+materials">raw materials</a> </b>that were apparently discovered even before the conception of such invention. <b><span style="color: #741b47;">In the same manner</span></b>, discoveries<b><span style="color: #741b47;"> are</span></b> sometimes <b><span style="color: #741b47;">made known</span></b> through the help of inventions. For instance, the invention of the space shuttle led to discoveries about the moon and planets neighboring Earth.<br />
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Summary<br />
A discovery <a href="http://www.linguee.es/espanol-ingles?query=pertains&source=english"><b>pertains </b></a>detecting something new. An object of discovery has already been existent prior to the actual discovery.<br />
An invention is an original concept or thing that has not been existent prior to actual invention.<br />
A discovery pertains to natural occurrences while an invention, to man-made artifacts, tools, processes etc.<br />
Discovery and invention work <b><span style="color: #741b47;"><a href="http://idioms.thefreedictionary.com/hand+in+hand">hand in hand.</a></span></b> Inventions are an integration of things that have already been discovered<b><span style="color: #741b47;"> in the same way that</span></b> new discoveries can be found through the help of inventions.<br />
<span style="font-size: x-small;">Source:<a href="http://www.differencebetween.net/language/difference-between-discovery-and-invention/"> Difference Between.net</a></span><br />
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El Blog para preparar el "writing" de la EOIhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16021124569609792366noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5854141052865681111.post-66678109219689443602013-03-03T20:54:00.003+01:002013-05-27T17:46:12.920+02:00TechnologyLas nuevas tecnologías tan presentes en nuestras vidas puede ser también un tema que tratar en los <i>writing</i><b>, </b>especialmente en los <i>argumentative </i><i>essays</i> y <i>articles</i>, analizando, por ejemplo, sus ventajas y desventajas. He aquí algunos de los términos más utilizados:<b><br />
</b><br />
<b><br />
</b> <b>T</b><b>he <a href="http://www.howjsay.com/index.php?word=digital&submit=Submit">digital</a> revolution</b>=<b>The so called third industrial revolution </b>(la llamada tercera revolución industrial)<br />
<b>Digital computing and communication technology.</b><br />
<b>The beginning of the Information Age.</b><br />
<b>The digital revolution converted technology that </b> <b>was</b> <b>previously analogue (US: analog) into a digital format.</b><br />
<b>WWW= World Wide Web</b><br />
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</b> <b><u><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_Revolution">Converted technologies:</a></u></b><br />
<b>From analogue (US: analog) broadcasting to digital broadcasting: </b>De la televisión analógica a la televisión digital.<br />
<b>From payphone to mobile phone (US: cell phone).</b><br />
<b>From gramophone record to CD and MP3.</b><br />
<b>From VHS tape to DVD and Blu-ray.</b><br />
<b>From analogue (US: analog) photography (film photography) to digital photography.</b><br />
<b>From typewriter to printer.</b><br />
<b>From mail to email.</b><br />
<b>Digital cable.</b><br />
<b><br />
</b> <b>Smartphone, Iphone, MP3, MP4 Music Players, </b> <b>Ebook (vs printed book),</b> <b>tablet computer, Ipod, personal computer (PC), laptop </b>(portátil) <b>computer</b>, <b>desktop</b> (sobremesa)<b> computer, video game </b>(videojuego)<b>, PlayStation, Nintendo Wii, console.</b><br />
<b>Mobile phone (US: cell phone) battery charger: </b>Cargador del móvil<b><br />
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<b><u><br />
</u></b> <b><u>Socio-economic impact of the digital revolution:</u></b><br />
<b>Positive <a href="http://www.howjsay.com/index.php?word=effects&submit=Submit">effects</a>:</b><b><br />
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<li><b>Easier communication.</b></li>
<li><b>Innovations in industry.</b></li>
<li><b><i>Digital technologies have significantly increased the productivity and performance of businesses.</i></b></li>
<li><b>Easier access to information. <i>There have been huge benefits to society from the digital revolution, especially in terms of the accessibility of information.</i></b></li>
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<b>Negative effects:</b><br />
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<ul>
<li><b>Information overload: </b>Sobrecarga de información.</li>
<li><b>Social isolation, the great contradiction in the Information Age: </b>Aislamiento social, la gran contradición en la era de la información.</li>
<li><b><a href="http://www.howjsay.com/index.php?word=internet+&submit=Submit">Internet</a> <a href="http://www.howjsay.com/index.php?word=predator&submit=Submit">predator</a>s, <a href="http://www.howjsay.com/index.php?word=cyberbullying">cyberbullying</a>: </b>Depredadores cibernéticos, ciberacoso.</li>
<li><b><a href="http://www.howjsay.com/index.php?word=privacy+&submit=Submit">Privacy</a> <a href="http://www.howjsay.com/index.php?word=invasion&submit=Submit">invasion</a>.</b></li>
<li><b><a href="http://www.howjsay.com/index.php?word=pornography&submit=Submit">Pornography</a> being more readily available to minors.</b></li>
<li><b>Mass <a href="http://www.howjsay.com/index.php?word=surveillance&submit=Submit">surveillance</a>: </b>Control / vigilancia de masas.</li>
<li><b>Human and environmental impacts of the metals used to make electronic goods. The mines from which these metals are extracted are notorious for their great toll of human lives and ecosystems, specially for the fact that children work there in terrible conditions: </b>Impacto humano y medioambiental de los metales utilizados para fabricar productos electrónicos. Es sabido el peaje que se paga en vidas humanas y ecosistemas por la explotación de las minas de las que se extraen estos metales, especialmente por el hecho de que hay niños que trabajan en condiciones terribles. <span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2013/apr/25/smartphone-samsung-tin-bangka-island">The Guardian</a></span></li>
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<b><i>The digital revolution may lead to digital cities sometime in the future.</i></b><br />
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<b>Browser: </b>Navegador.<br />
<b>(Web) browse: </b>Navegar (por internet)<b>.</b><br />
<b><i>It goes without saying that students use Wikipedia extensively, probably more than any other social group. Although the website's founder Jimmy Wales once warned readers not to use the website for academic purposes, American research shows that the majority of students browse its pages when researching essays: </i></b>No hace falta decir que los estudiantes utilizan mucho Wikipedia<b>, </b>probablemente más que cualquier otro grupo social. Aunque el fundador del sitio web, Jimmy Wales, advirtió a los lectores que no lo usaran con fines académicos, estudios americanos muestran que la mayoría de los estudiantes navegan por sus páginas cuando necesitan documentarse para hacer sus trabajos. <span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/education/2013/may/13/should-university-students-use-wikipedia">The Guardian</a></span><br />
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</b></b> <b><b>Social networking: </b></b>Redes sociales.<br />
<b><b>Social media: </b></b><a href="http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medios_sociales">Medios (de comunicación) sociales.</a><br />
<b><b>The world's largest social network: Facebook.</b></b><br />
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</b></b></span><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="background-color: #38761d;"><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="color: #38761d;"> >Lee este artículo sobre Facebook. ¿Crees que es exagerado?:</span></span></span></span><b><b><br />
</b></b><span style="color: #38761d;"><span style="font-size: large;">He des</span></span><span style="color: #38761d;"><span style="font-size: large;">tacado expresiones y alguna estructura de nivel avanzado para que las incorpores a tu patrimonio léxico. Quizás encuentres tú más <i>phrases</i> que te llamen la atención.</span></span><b><b><br />
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</b></b> <b><b><u><span style="font-size: large;">10 Ways Facebook Can Ruin Your Life</span></u><br />
Jul 19, 2010, by kate Dailey</b></b><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;">As Facebook prepares to welcome its 500 millionth friend, a look at all the ways social networking can <a href="http://www.linguee.es/espanol-ingles/search?source=auto&query=wreak+havoc">wreak havoc</a> in your life.</span></b></b><br />
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<b><b> </b></b> This week Facebook will register its 500 millionth member. It's a <b><a href="http://www.linguee.es/espanol-ingles/search?source=auto&query=milestone">milestone</a> </b>both significant and meaningless: yes, it's a reminder of just how big the social-media giant has become, but really—did we need reminding? That Facebook is a part of many Americans' daily lives is clear. But how it's affecting those lives is still being examined. We know that Facebook <b><a href="http://www.linguee.es/espanol-ingles/search?source=auto&query=can+be+good+for+your+health">can be good for your health</a>,</b> and that it can make everything from networking to sharing photos easier. But there's also a potentially sinister side, <b><span style="color: #741b47;"><a href="http://www.linguee.es/espanol-ingles/search?source=auto&query=even+aside+from">even aside from</a> </span></b>dubious privacy issues. Below, 10 ways that Facebook<b> <a href="http://www.linguee.es/espanol-ingles/search?source=auto&query=can+do+more+harm+than+good">can do more harm than good.</a></b> <br />
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1. <b><b>You'll be reunited with your biological parents. </b></b>This can be good news, but it's not always. Take Prince Sagala, who found her biological children on Facebook—children she alleges were kidnapped more than a decade ago by her ex-husband. The mom and kids are now reunited. The only problem: the kids grew up with their dad and don't want anything to do with the parent who now has <b><a href="http://www.howjsay.com/index.php?word=custody&submit=Submit">custody</a>. </b>And in an even more horrifying story, Aimee Sword was sentenced to nine to 30 years in prison recently for sexually abusing her 15-year-old biological son, whom she tracked down on Facebook.<br />
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2. <b><b>Your <a href="http://www.linguee.es/espanol-ingles/search?source=auto&query=creditor">creditors</a> can track you down.</b></b> Creditors use Facebook as a way to both track the movements of <a href="http://www.linguee.es/espanol-ingles/search?source=auto&query=debtor"><b>debtors</b></a> and keep their eyes on any potential <a href="http://www.linguee.es/espanol-ingles/search?source=auto&query=assets+seized"><b>assets</b></a> that could be <a href="http://www.linguee.es/espanol-ingles/search?source=auto&query=assets+seized"><b>seized</b></a> <b><span style="color: #741b47;">to cover those debts</span></b>. At first, <a href="http://www.linguee.es/espanol-ingles/search?source=auto&query=lender"><b>lenders</b></a> may use Facebook to determine whether you're a worthy candidate for a <a href="http://www.linguee.es/espanol-ingles/search?source=auto&query=loan"><b>loan</b></a>. But <b><span style="color: #741b47;"><a href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/grammar/learnit/learnitv48.shtml">should you come to owe a creditor money</a></span></b>, the company can track you down and discover your assets by monitoring your Facebook feed.<br />
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3. <b><b>Your <a href="http://www.linguee.es/espanol-ingles/search?source=auto&query=insurer">insurers</a> can <a href="http://www.linguee.es/espanol-ingles/search?source=auto&query=deny+claims">deny your claims</a>. </b></b>Remember the woman who was receiving <a href="http://www.linguee.es/espanol-ingles/search?source=auto&query=worker%27s+compensation"><b>workers' compensation</b></a> for depression, only to be "outed" by Facebook pictures of her smiling? Her insurance benefits were cut off, with insurers saying that her photos showed she was ready to return to work. That's left attorneys who argue for <a href="http://www.linguee.es/espanol-ingles/search?source=auto&query=disability+benefits"><b>disability benefits</b></a> concerned. Many now advise against giving away too much on Facebook.<br />
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4. <b><b>Your ex can use it against you in a divorce. </b></b>Facebook is a popular tool for divorce <a href="http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/british/attorney?q=attorney"><b>attorneys</b></a>, who comb pages of their clients' spouses for evidence of neglect, infidelity, or deception. (One study suggests that Facebook comes up in one out of five new divorce petitions). Mashable says a woman lost custody of her children after her ex proved she was spending time tending her crops on Farmville instead of spending quality time with her kids, while divorce lawyers have given multiple interviews <a href="http://www.linguee.es/espanol-ingles/search?source=auto&query=extolling"><b>extolling the site's virtues </b></a>as a way to air <a href="http://www.linguee.es/espanol-ingles/search?source=auto&query=damaging+dirty+laundry"><b>damaging dirty laundry.</b></a><br />
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5.<b><b> It could make you depressed. </b></b>Researchers from Stony Brook University in New York found that teenage girls who spend the most time discussing their lives with friends were more likely to be depressed. Apparently, spending too much time dwelling on gossip and your problems can make you feel worse, not better. The researchers didn't study Facebook in particular, but they indicated that social-networking sites such as Facebook made it easier for people to be in constant contact with friends and perpetuate the unhealthy discussions.<br />
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6. <b><b>It can cost you a job. </b></b>A British survey of employers found that half of those polled had turned down job candidates once something unsavory about that candidate surfaced on Facebook. (Examples include tales of drunkenness, photos of illegal activity, and bad grammar.) In the U.S., 20 percent of employers admit to scoping out the Facebook pages of potential job candidates, while 9 percent say they're going to start soon.<br />
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7.<b><b> It can out you to your family. </b></b>Even if you're discreet on Facebook, your <a href="http://www.thefreedictionary.com/loose-lipped"><b>loose-lipped </b></a>friends might not be and could post comments on your wall that betray your secrets. But there are also more insidious outings going on: MIT students designed an algorithm that successfully pinpointed gay users by analyzing how many of their friends were gay.<br />
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8. <b><b>It can make it easier for your <a href="http://www.linguee.es/espanol-ingles/search?source=auto&query=stalker">stalker or abusive</a> partner to follow your movements. </b></b>Let's be honest: if there weren't Facebook, abusers would find another trigger to set off their rage. But Facebook has made it easier for these people <a href="http://www.linguee.es/espanol-ingles/search?source=auto&query=keep+tabs+on"><b>to keep tabs on</b></a> their victims and respond to their movements, even after the victim has tried to<a href="http://www.linguee.es/espanol-ingles/search?source=auto&query=sever+ties"> <b>sever ties</b></a>. In one particularly sad case, a woman who changed her Facebook status to "single" was killed by her husband, from whom she had separated. After seeing her status, he broke into her home and stabbed her repeatedly.<br />
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9.<b><b> You can <a href="http://www.linguee.es/espanol-ingles/search?source=auto&query=be+sued+for+libel">be sued for libel.</a> </b></b>There are already several cases of <a href="http://www.linguee.es/espanol-ingles/search?source=auto&query=libel+suits"><b>libel suits</b></a> over content posted on Facebook. In Britain, where libel is easier to prove than in the U.S., a businessman won £22,000 when a former classmate created a fake profile full of defamatory information. Stateside, an Ohio-area band sued a Facebook "hate group," and a Michigan towing company sued a student who created a Facebook page alleging that the company tows legally parked cars. (The company says those claims are false.) So far, the law appears to be on the poster's side. But it's still a hassle.<br />
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10.<b><b> Your kids could be targeted by predators. </b></b>After a teenage girl in England was murdered by <a href="http://www.linguee.es/espanol-ingles/search?source=auto&query=sex+offender"><b>a sex offender</b> </a>who posed as a teenager on Facebook, the British version of the site added a "panic button" that allows teens to report any unwanted attention—including cyber-bullying—directly to the authorities. But the button is not yet on U.S. or other international versions of Facebook, and it's unclear whether the company plans to add it.<b><b> </b></b><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://www.thedailybeast.com/newsweek/blogs/the-human-condition/2010/07/20/10-ways-facebook-can-ruin-your-life.html">Source: THE DAILY BEAST </a> </span>El Blog para preparar el "writing" de la EOIhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16021124569609792366noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5854141052865681111.post-61233612079564163122013-02-24T23:04:00.000+01:002013-05-29T14:57:37.435+02:00Health<div style="text-align: justify;">
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Comenzamos este tema con el controvertido debate actual sobre la privatización de la sanidad.<br />
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En el glosario de expresiones encontrarás la traducción de algunas frases empleadas por el
ex-ministro de Sanidad británico
Frank Dobson
en su discurso. Asimismo, incluyo <a href="http://813.cupe.ca/updir/813/Frank_Dobson_-_speech.pdf">la versión completa</a> para su mejor comprensión y para que puedas extraer más expresiones que te puedan parecer interesantes.</div>
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</u></b> <b><u>Public debate on private medicine</u></b>:<br />
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<b><a href="http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/british/privatize?q=privatisation">Privatization (US) / Privatisation (UK)</a> of healthcare: </b>Privatización de la sanidad.<br />
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<span style="color: #660000;"><u><b>Arguments for privatisation of healthcare: </b>Argumentos a favor de la privatización de la sanidad:</u></span><br />
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<b>It can save taxpayer money, improve efficiency , upgrade </b> <b>services</b><b>: </b>(La sanidad privada) Puede ahorrar impuestos al contribuyente, mejorar la eficacia y la calidad de los servicios.<br />
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<b>The private sector is more efficient, innovative and responsive to patients than the public sector</b><b>: </b>El sector privado es más eficaz, innovador y sensible con los pacientes que el sector público.<br />
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<b>The public healthcare system is unsustainable: </b>La sanidad pública es insostenible. <br />
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<b>Privatisation is crucial to a successful economy: </b>La privatización es crucial para una economía saneada. <br />
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<u><b><span style="color: #660000;">Arguments against privatisation of healthcare:</span></b> <span style="color: #660000;">Argumentos en contra de la privatización de la sanidad:</span></u><br />
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<b>The overcharging of drugs by pharmaceutical companies: </b>La sobrefacturación de los medicamentos por parte de las compañías farmaceúticas.<br />
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<b>Public employees and their unions are <a href="http://www.howjsay.com/index.php?word=adamant&submit=Submit">adamant</a> against privatization of healthcare: </b>Los empleados públicos y sindicatos se muestran firmes frente a la privatización<b> </b>de la sanidad.<br />
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<b>The private healthcare system is not cost-effective: </b>La sanidad privada no es rentable.<br />
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<b>Governments are being convinced by think tanks and vested interests to bring in the private sector: </b>Los <a href="http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Think_tank">think tanks</a> e intereses particulares están convenciendo a los gobiernos para que privaticen la sanidad.<b><br />
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<b>The health needs of populations need proper planning, and should not be left to the destructive forces of the market: </b>Las necesidades sanitarias de la población precisan una adecuada planificación y no deberían estar a merced de las fuerzas destructivas del mercado.<b><br />
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<b>A marketised healthcare system undermines medical professionalism and the doctor patient relationship: </b>Un sistema sanitario mercantilizado socava<b> </b>la profesionalidad médica y la relación médico-paciente.<b><br />
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<b>Privatisation leads to increasing complexity and bureaucracy of the system. This increases costs and also increases opportunities for the private management consultancy industry to offer their expensive advice: </b>La privatización conlleva un aumento de la complejidad y burocratización del sistema, lo que incrementa los costes así como las oportunidades de las consultoras de gestión privada de ofrecer sus caros servicios.<b><br />
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<b>The private sector cream-skims the simpler, less risky, less costly operations on the healthy and leaves NHS hospitals to carry out similar operations on less healthy patients: </b>La sanidad privada sólo se ocupa de las operaciones menos arriesgadas y de menor coste a las personas sanas<b> </b>y deja para los hospitales de la Seguridad Social la realización de similares operaciones a los pacientes menos sanos.<b><br />
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<b>NHS hospitals also provide nearly all intensive care, including to patients rushed from private hospitals when things go wrong: </b>Los hospitales de la Seguridad Social también proveen la
casi
totalidad de los cuidados intensivos, incluidos los procurados a los pacientes trasladados de urgencia desde los hospitales privados cuando las cosas allí no han salido bien.<b><br />
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<b>The British NHS (National Health Service): </b>Así se llama el Servicio Nacional de Salud británico.<br />
<b>Clinical staff: </b>Personal sanitario. <br />
<b>Waiting lists: </b>Listas de espera.<br />
<b>Private management: </b>Gestión privada.<br />
<b>Health care:</b> Atención sanitaria, asistencia médica.<br />
<b>Healthcare: </b>Sanidad (el sistema que gestiona la atención sanitaria). <b><i>Healthcare as one word refers to a system that provides health care.</i></b><br />
<b>Outsourcing: </b>Externalización, subcontratación o tercerización (de servicios)<b>. </b>Es el término eufemístico que las clases dirigentes europeas utilizan por no decir privatización<b>.</b><br />
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</b>El Blog para preparar el "writing" de la EOIhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16021124569609792366noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5854141052865681111.post-36922921596393127732013-02-17T19:05:00.002+01:002013-04-20T18:53:12.243+02:00EducationSeguimos completando el banco léxico, hoy le toca el turno al tema Educación. Si tienes alguna aportación, sugerencia o consulta, no dudes en compartirla.<br />
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Watch this video about Finland's successful education system:<br />
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<b>Education system:</b> Sistema educativo.<br />
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<b>PISA</b> (Programme for International Student Assessment) <b>report:</b> Informe PISA. <i> <b>Finland scored first in science and second in reading and math on the standardized test administered by the Programme for International Student Assessment.</b></i><br />
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<b>The high drop out rate: </b>La elevada tasa de abandono escolar.<br />
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<b>To fight against school <a href="http://www.howjsay.com/index.php?word=failure&submit=Submit">failure</a>: </b>Luchar contra el fracaso escolar.<br />
<b><i>There are several factors that can lead to school failure, among them depression, anxiety, problems in the family, and learning disabilities.</i></b><br />
<b><br /></b>
<b>Academic freedom:</b><b> </b>Libertad de cátedra.<br />
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<b><a href="http://www.howjsay.com/index.php?word=curriculum&submit=Submit">Curriculum</a>: </b>Plan general de estudios.<i><b> A curriculum is a complete course of study offered by a school; a syllabus is the outline of a single course. </b></i><br />
<b><a href="http://www.howjsay.com/index.php?word=syllabus&submit=Submit">Syllabus</a>: </b>Programa específico de un curso. <i><b>The syllabus is a course-planning tool. The form and content of a syllabus vary widely by discipline, department, course, and instructor.</b></i><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;"><u><b><a href="http://www.howjsay.com/index.php?word=pre-school&submit=Submit">Pre-school</a> or nursery education: </b>Educación infantil.</u></span><br />
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<b><a href="http://www.howjsay.com/index.php?word=nursery+school&submit=Submit">Nursery school</a>: </b>Guardería.<br />
<b>Teaching staff: </b>Profesorado.<br />
<b>Nursery assistant: </b>Cuidador/a.<br />
<b><a href="http://www.howjsay.com/index.php?word=principal+&submit=Submit">Principal</a>: </b>Director/a.<br />
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<span style="font-size: large;"><u><b>Primary education: </b>Educación primaria</u></span><br />
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<b><a href="http://www.howjsay.com/index.php?word=compulsory+&submit=Submit">Compulsory</a> </b><b>education: </b>Educación obligatoria.<br />
<b>Primary or elementary school: </b>Colegio de primaria.<br />
<b>Head teacher: </b>Director/a.<br />
<b>Year 1 to year 6: </b>Primero hasta sexto.<br />
<b>School council: </b>Consejo escolar.<br />
<b>School calendar: </b>Calendario escolar.<br />
<b>Class<a href="http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/british/schedule_1?q=schedule"> schedule</a>: </b>Horario de clases.<br />
<b>School enrolment:</b> Matriculación escolar.<b><a href="http://www.howjsay.com/index.php?word=tuition+fees&submit=Submit"><br /></a></b>
<b><a href="http://www.howjsay.com/index.php?word=extracurricular&submit=Submit">Extra-curricular</a> classes: </b>Clases extraescolares.<br />
<b>Extra-curricular activities: </b>Actividades extraescolares.<br />
<b>State-run / Government-run schools: </b>Escuelas públicas.<br />
<b>Private / Public schools:</b> Escuelas privadas (ojo<b>, </b>las <b>public schools </b>no son escuelas públicas en el sentido que entendemos aquí, son incluso más elitistas que las <b>private schools</b>).<br />
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<span style="font-size: large;"><u><b>Secondary education: </b></u><u>Educación secundaria</u></span><br />
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<b><a href="http://www.howjsay.com/index.php?word=high+school&submit=Submit">High school </a>/ <a href="http://www.howjsay.com/index.php?word=secondary+education&submit=Submit">Secondary school</a> /Comprehensive school: </b>Instituto de enseñanza secundaria.<br />
<b>Core subjects:</b> Asignaturas troncales.<br />
<b>GCSE (General Certificate of Secondary Education ) exams: </b>En el sistema educativo británico, los exámenes de fin de la secundaria. Similar a nuestra selectividad aunque no es equivalente ya que ésta es la prueba pre-ingreso a la universidad <b>(college entrance exam) </b>que se hace con 17 años, mientras que los exámenes de GCSE con 15.<br />
<b>Head of faculty / Head of Studies / Director of Studies: </b>Jefe/a de Estudios.<br />
<b>Head teacher or principal: </b>Director/a.<br />
<b><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secondary_education">Secondary education in the EU</a></b><br />
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<span style="font-size: large;"><b><u>Tertiary / Higher education: </u></b><u>Educación superior</u></span><b><br /></b><br />
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<b>Undergraduate and postgraduate education: </b>Educación universitaria y post-universitaria<b>.</b><br />
<b>Colleges, universities, faculties.</b><br />
<b>University course: </b>Carrera universitaria. (<b>Career: </b>profesión)<br />
<b>Academic year: </b>Curso académico.<br />
<b>Chancellor, Vice-Chancellor: </b>Rector/a, vicerrector/a.<br />
<b>Grants</b><b>, <a href="http://www.howjsay.com/index.php?word=scholarship&submit=Submit">scholarships</a>: </b>Becas. <i><b>He got a scholarship to Eton.</b></i><br />
<b>Student loans: </b>Préstamos a estudiantes.<br />
<b><a href="http://www.howjsay.com/index.php?word=tuition+fees&submit=Submit">Tuition fees</a>: </b>Tasas de matrícula.<br />
<b>College application: </b>Solicitud de ingreso a la universidad.<br />
<b>Entrance requirements:</b> Requisitos de ingreso.<br />
<b>Lecture: </b>Clase en la universidad.<br />
<b>Lecturer: </b>Profesor/a universitario/a.<br />
<b>Faculty </b>(in American English, college teachers)<b>: </b>Profesorado universitario.<br />
<strong>Examination diet: </strong>Convocatoria de exámenes.<br />
<b>Undergraduate degree: </b>Carrera universitaria, título universitario.<br />
<b>Bachelor's degree:</b> Licenciatura.<br />
<b>Master's degree: </b>Máster. <i><b>In Finland, teachers have to complete a Master's degree.</b></i><br />
<b>Graduates, non-graduates:</b> Licenciad@s, universitari@s que aún no se han graduado.<br />
<b>Final year <a href="http://www.howjsay.com/index.php?word=project">project</a>: </b>Proyecto fin de carrera.<br />
<b><a href="http://www.howjsay.com/index.php?word=phd&submit=Submit">PhD</a> </b>(Philosophy Doctor)<b> <a href="http://www.howjsay.com/index.php?word=thesis&submit=Submit">Thesis</a>: </b>Tesis doctoral.<br />
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<b><a href="http://www.howjsay.com/index.php?word=ba&submit=Submit">BA</a> (Bachelor of Arts) / <a href="http://www.howjsay.com/index.php?word=bsc">BSc</a> (Bachelor of Science): </b>Licenciad@.</div>
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Ejemplo: <b>BSc in Business Administration</b>, licenciad@ en Empresariales; <b>BA in Modern Languages</b>, licenciad@ en Lenguas Modernas.</div>
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A veces, se dice que <b>BA</b> es para carreras de Humanidades o Letras y <b>BSc </b>para las de Ciencias, pero no es del todo exacto ya que podemos encontrar titulaciones tales como <b>BA in Business Studies</b> o <b>BA in Engineering. </b>La Universidad de Cambridge, por ejemplo, llama a todas sus titulaciones de licenciatura <b>BA, </b>independientemente de que sean de Ciencias o de Letras. Se diría que la denominación varía dependiendo de la universidad. Lo mismo se aplica a las titulaciones de Máster: <b>MA (Master of Arts) </b>y <b>MSc (Master of Science).</b><b><br /></b></div>
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<b>I have / hold a BA in Business Administration from the University of Granada: </b>Soy licenciad@ en Empresariales por la Universidad de Granada.</div>
<b>I have a BA degree in Law: </b>Soy licenciad@ en Derecho.<b> </b><br />
<u><br /></u>El Blog para preparar el "writing" de la EOIhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16021124569609792366noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5854141052865681111.post-23650191358551203682013-02-10T20:26:00.002+01:002016-04-14T20:45:53.378+02:00EnvironmentWatch this video about climate change: <br />
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<iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="315" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/dph2SVhDFAg" width="420"></iframe><br />
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Es éste uno de los temas estrella en los <i>writing</i>. Por eso, es conveniente conocer los términos más recurrentes. Pincha en los enlaces para oir la pronunciación.<br />
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<u><b><a href="http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/british/agenda?q=agenda">Agenda</a> 21:</b></u> Read this <a href="http://delta.iisd.org/rio+5/agenda/agenda21.htm">article about Agenda 21</a> and work on the vocabulary that has been used.<br />
<u><b><br />
</b></u> <b><a href="http://www.linguee.es/espanol-ingles/search?source=auto&query=sustainable+development"><span style="color: #20124d;">Sustainable development</span></a></b><b>:</b> Desarrollo sostenible.<br />
<b><a href="http://www.linguee.es/espanol-ingles?query=climate+change&source=english"><span style="color: #20124d;">Climate change</span></a></b><b>:</b> Cambio climático.<br />
<span style="color: #20124d;"><b><a href="http://www.linguee.es/espanol-ingles/search?source=auto&query=depletion+">Depletion</a> of <a href="http://www.linguee.es/espanol-ingles/search?source=auto&query=ozone+layer">ozone laye</a></b><b><a href="http://www.linguee.es/espanol-ingles/search?source=auto&query=ozone+layer">r</a></b></span><b>: </b>Disminución de la capa de ozono.<br />
<b><span style="color: #20124d;">Protection of the ozone layer and air quality</span></b><b>: </b>Protección de la capa de ozono y la calidad del aire.<br />
<span style="color: #20124d;"><b><a href="http://www.linguee.es/espanol-ingles/search?source=auto&query=effluent+discharges">Effluent discharges</a> from industries made to waters or to <a href="http://www.linguee.es/espanol-ingles/search?source=auto&query=sewers">sewers</a></b>:</span> Vertidos de aguas residuales de las industrias a las aguas o a las redes de alcantarillado.<br />
<b><span style="color: #20124d;">Effluent=wastewater=sewer water:</span></b><b><span style="color: #990000;"> </span></b>Aguas residuales.<br />
<span style="color: #20124d;"><b>Public water supply network</b>:</span> Red pública de suministro de agua.<br />
<b><span style="color: #990000;"><a href="http://www.linguee.es/espanol-ingles?query=management+of+waste&source=english">Waste management</a>:</span></b><span style="color: #990000;"> </span>Gestión de residuos.<br />
<span style="color: #20124d;"><b>Collection and disposal of municipal waste</b>:</span> Recogida y eliminación de residuos municipales.<br />
<b><span style="color: #20124d;">Household waste collection: </span></b>Recogida de residuos domésticos.<br />
<span style="color: #20124d;"><b><a href="http://www.linguee.es/espanol-ingles?query=household+waste+recycling+centre&source=english">Recycling</a> banks:</b></span><span style="color: #990000;"><b> </b></span>Puntos de reciclaje.<br />
<span style="color: #20124d;"><b><a href="http://www.linguee.es/espanol-ingles/search?source=auto&query=household+waste+">Household</a> waste recycling centre:</b></span> Centro de reciclaje de residuos domésticos.<br />
<span style="color: #20124d;"><b><a href="http://www.linguee.es/ingles-espanol/traduccion/environmentally-friendly+measures.html">Environmentally-friendly</a> measures or </b><a href="http://www.linguee.es/espanol-ingles?query=eco-friendly+products&source=english"><b>eco-friendly</b></a><b> measures:</b> </span>Medidas de protección del medio ambiente o medidas ecológicas.<br />
<u><b><br />
</b></u> <u><b><br />
</b></u> <u><b>Pollution:</b></u><br />
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</b></u> <b><span style="color: #20124d;">Acid rain:</span></b><span style="color: #990000;"><b> </b></span>Lluvia ácida<br />
<span style="color: #20124d;"><b><a href="http://www.linguee.es/espanol-ingles?query=hazardous+waste&source=english">Hazardous waste</a>:</b></span><span style="color: #990000;"><b> </b></span>Residuos peligrosos.<br />
<b><span style="color: #20124d;">Water, air and soil pollution: </span></b>Contaminación del agua, aire y suelo.<br />
<b><span style="color: #20124d;">Noise pollution:</span></b><b><span style="color: #990000;"> </span></b>Contaminación acústica.<br />
<b><span style="color: #20124d;">Light pollution:</span></b> Contaminación lumínica.<br />
<b><span style="color: #20124d;">The environmental consequences of landfill sites:</span></b><b><span style="color: #990000;"> </span></b>Las consecuencias medioambientales de los vertederos.<br />
<span style="color: #20124d;"><b><a href="http://www.linguee.es/espanol-ingles/search?source=auto&query=efecto+invernadero">Greenhouse effect gas emissions</a>:</b></span><span style="color: #990000;"><b> </b></span>Emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero.<br />
<b><span style="color: #20124d;">Global warming:</span></b> Calentamiento global.<br />
<b><span style="color: #20124d;">Dumping of industrial and household waste:</span></b><span style="color: #990000;"><b> </b></span>Vertido de residuos domésticos e industriales.<br />
<b><span style="color: #20124d;">Zero CO2 emissions:</span></b><span style="color: #990000;"><b> </b></span>Cero emisiones de CO2.<br />
<span style="color: #20124d;"><b><a href="http://www.linguee.es/espanol-ingles/search?source=auto&query=endangered+species">Endangered species</a>:</b></span><b><span style="color: #990000;"> </span></b>Especies amenazadas o en peligro de extinción.<br />
<b><span style="color: #20124d;">Species in danger of extinction:</span></b><span style="color: #990000;"><b> </b></span>Especies en peligro de extinción.<br />
<span style="color: #20124d;"><b><a href="http://www.linguee.es/espanol-ingles/search?source=auto&query=trash+incineration">Waste incineration plant</a>:</b> </span>Planta incineradora de basuras.<br />
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</b></u> <u><b>Sustainable cities:</b></u><br />
<u><b><br />
</b></u> <b><span style="color: #20124d;">Environmentally sustainable transport:</span></b><span style="color: #990000;"><b> </b></span>Transporte ecológicamente sostenible.<br />
<b><span style="color: #20124d;">Improve the sustainability of transport networks:</span></b><span style="color: #990000;"><b> </b></span>Mejorar la sostenibilidad de las redes de transporte.<br />
<b><span style="color: #20124d;">Sustainable urban mobility.</span></b><br />
<b><span style="color: #20124d;">Air quality.</span></b><br />
<b><span style="color: #20124d;">Car-based transport system.</span></b><br />
<b><span style="color: #20124d;">The social and economic sustainability of car-based urban planning has been questioned.</span></b><br />
<b><span style="color: #20124d;">Bike lane:</span></b><span style="color: #990000;"><b> </b></span>Carril de bicis.<span style="color: #990000;"><b><br />
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</b></span> <a href="http://www.howjsay.com/index.php?word=renewables"><b><u>Renewable energ</u></b><u><b>y</b><b> /</b></u><span style="color: #990000;"><b> </b></span><b><u>Renewables</u></b></a><b><u> and non renewable energy:</u></b><br />
<span style="color: #990000;"><b><br />
</b></span> <span style="color: #20124d;"><b>Energy <a href="http://www.howjsay.com/index.php?word=efficiency">efficiency</a>:</b></span><span style="color: #990000;"><b> </b></span>Eficiencia energética.<br />
<b><span style="color: #20124d;">Solar power: </span></b>Energía solar.<br />
<b><span style="color: #20124d;">Wind power: </span></b>Energía eólica.<br />
<span style="color: #20124d;"><b><a href="http://www.howjsay.com/index.php?word=hydropower">Hydropower</a>:</b></span><span style="color: #990000;"><b> </b></span>Energía hidraúlica.<br />
<span style="color: #20124d;"><b><a href="http://www.howjsay.com/index.php?word=biofuels">Biofuels</a>: </b></span>Biocombustibles.<br />
<span style="color: #20124d;"><b><a href="http://www.howjsay.com/index.php?word=fossil%20fuel">Fossil fuel</a>s and <a href="http://www.howjsay.com/index.php?word=nuclear%20power">nuclear power</a>:</b></span><span style="color: #990000;"><b> </b></span>Combustibles fósiles y energía nuclear. <br />
<span style="color: #990000;"><b><br />
</b></span> <span style="color: #990000;"><b><span style="font-size: large;">Iceland hot on renewable energy use:</span></b></span><br />
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<iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="315" src="//www.youtube.com/embed/3uF0pkEicLs" width="420"></iframe></span></b></span> <span style="color: #990000;"><b><span style="font-size: large;"><br />
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<span style="color: #990000;"><b><br />
</b></span> <b><u>More on <a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/list/allenvironmentkeywords">Environment A-Z</a></u></b><span style="color: #990000;"><b> </b></span><b><u>and <a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/blog">Environment blog</a></u></b><span style="color: #990000;"><b><br />
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<b>Find phrases with examples <a href="http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/words/environment.htm">here</a>.</b><br />
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<br />El Blog para preparar el "writing" de la EOIhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16021124569609792366noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5854141052865681111.post-82576146658162298182013-01-30T20:51:00.000+01:002015-01-11T13:19:51.725+01:00Banco léxico<div align="center" style="text-align: center;">
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<b><u><br />
</u></b>Tal y como adelantaba en el anterior post, comenzamos nuestro banco léxico. La recopilación de términos queda abierta a sugerencias y se irá completando progresivamente. Los enlaces que aparecen en algunos términos son para consultar su pronunciación, tanto en inglés británico como inglés americano. No obstante, para consultar cualquier otro término puedes acceder fácilmente a los diccionarios incluídos en la lista de la izquierda.<b><u><br />
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<u><span style="background-color: #741b47;"><b><span style="background-color: black;"><span style="background-color: black;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="background-color: #20124d;"><span style="color: white;">BUSINESS</span></span></span></span></span></b></span></u><b><u><span style="background-color: #20124d;"><br />
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<b><u><span style="background-color: #20124d;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;"><br /></span></span></span></u></b>
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<b><u><span style="background-color: #20124d;"><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;">What the Economic Crisis Really Means - and what we can do about it</span></span></span><br />
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<iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="315" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/euhkIesmW7E" width="560"></iframe> </div>
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<b><u><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #7f6000;">The Economy for the Common Good - Christian Felber</span></span></u></b><br />
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<span style="background-color: #c27ba0;"><span style="background-color: white;"><b><span style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></b></span></span>
<span style="background-color: #c27ba0;"><span style="background-color: white;"><b><span style="font-size: large;">The economic crisis</span></b></span></span><b><u><span style="color: #cc0000;"><br />
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<span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="background-color: #f9cb9c;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #38761d;"><span style="background-color: #f3f3f3;"><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: white;"><b><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: #20124d;">The global recession:</span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="background-color: #f9cb9c;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><b><span style="background-color: #38761d;"><span style="background-color: #f3f3f3;"><span style="background-color: white;"> </span></span></span></b></span></span></span></span><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="background-color: #f9cb9c;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #38761d;"><span style="background-color: #f3f3f3;"><span style="background-color: white;">La recesión mundial.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="color: #20124d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="background-color: #f9cb9c;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #38761d;"><span style="background-color: #f3f3f3;"><span style="background-color: white;"><b><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: white;">The<a href="http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/business-english/financial-crisis-inquiry-commission?q=financial+crisis"> financial crisis</a>:</span></span></b></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="background-color: #f9cb9c;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #38761d;"><span style="background-color: #f3f3f3;"><span style="background-color: white;"><b> </b></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="background-color: #f9cb9c;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #38761d;"><span style="background-color: #f3f3f3;"><span style="background-color: white;">La crisis financiera.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br />
<span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="background-color: #f9cb9c;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #38761d;"><span style="background-color: #f3f3f3;"><span style="background-color: white;"><b><span style="color: #20124d;">The credit crunch:</span></b></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="background-color: #f9cb9c;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #38761d;"><span style="background-color: #f3f3f3;"><span style="background-color: white;"> La crisis crediticia.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="background-color: #f9cb9c;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #38761d;"><span style="background-color: #f3f3f3;"><span style="background-color: white;"><br />
</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="color: #20124d;"><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="background-color: #f9cb9c;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #38761d;"><span style="background-color: #f3f3f3;"><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: white;"><b>The downturn in the Spanish economy:</b> </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="background-color: #f9cb9c;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #38761d;"><span style="background-color: #f3f3f3;"><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: white;">El declive de la economía española (<i>see note below</i>)</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="background-color: #f9cb9c;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #38761d;"><span style="background-color: #f3f3f3;"><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: white;">.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="background-color: #f9cb9c;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #38761d;"><span style="background-color: #f3f3f3;"><span style="background-color: white;"><b><span style="color: #20124d;">Spain has formally requested a bailout:</span></b></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="background-color: #f9cb9c;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #38761d;"><span style="background-color: #f3f3f3;"><span style="background-color: white;"> España ha solicitado formalmente el rescate.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="background-color: white;"> </span><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="background-color: #f9cb9c;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #38761d;"><span style="background-color: #f3f3f3;"><span style="background-color: white;"><br />
</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="background-color: #f9cb9c;"><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: #38761d;"><span style="background-color: #f3f3f3;"><span style="background-color: white;"><br />
</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<b><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="color: #20124d;">Measures to encourage growth, business activity, investment and employment:</span></span></span></b><br />
Medidas para fomentar el crecimiento económico, la actividad empresarial, la inversión y el empleo.</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<b><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="color: #20124d;">Measures to reduce deficit and increase public revenue:</span></span></span></b><br />
Medidas para reducir el déficit e incrementar los ingresos públicos.</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<b><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><br />
</span></b></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<b><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="color: #20124d;">The financial system:</span></span></span></b><b> </b>El sistema financiero.</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<b><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="color: #20124d;">The banking system:</span></span></span></b> El sistema bancario.</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="color: #20124d;"><br />
</span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<b><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="color: #20124d;">Gross domestic product (GDP):</span></span></span> </b>Producto interior bruto (PIB).</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<b><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="color: #20124d;">Gross national product (GNP):</span></span></span></b><b> </b>Producto nacional bruto (PNB).</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<b><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="color: #20124d;">Net domestic product (NDP):</span></span></span></b><b> </b>Producto interior neto (PIN).</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<b><span style="color: #20124d;">Net national product (NNP):</span></b><b> </b>Producto nacional neto (PNN).</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<b><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><br />
</span></b></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="color: #20124d;"><b><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: white;"><a href="http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/british/expenditure?q=expenditure">Public expenditure</a>:</span></span></b></span><b> </b>Gastos públicos.</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="color: #20124d;"><b><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: white;">Public <a href="http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/british/debt?q=debt">debt</a>:</span></span></b></span> Deuda pública.</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="color: #20124d;"><b><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: white;">Public <a href="http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/british/revenue?q=revenue">revenue</a>:</span></span></b></span><b><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: white;"> </span></span></b><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: white;">Ingresos públicos, recaudación pública.</span></span><br />
<span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: white;"><b><span style="color: #20124d;">Public deficit:</span></b></span></span><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: white;"> Déficit público.</span></span><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: white;"><br />
</span></span><br />
<span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: white;"><br />
</span></span> <span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: white;"><b><a href="http://www.linguee.es/espanol-ingles/search?source=auto&query=lender">Lender</a>:</b> Prestamista.</span></span><br />
<span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: white;"><b><a href="http://www.linguee.es/espanol-ingles/search?source=auto&query=loan">Loan</a>:</b> Préstamo.</span></span><br />
<span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: white;"><b><a href="http://www.linguee.es/espanol-ingles/search?source=auto&query=debtor">Debtor</a>:</b> Deudor.</span></span><br />
<span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: white;"><b><a href="http://www.linguee.es/espanol-ingles/search?source=auto&query=debt">Debt</a>: </b></span></span><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: white;">Deuda.</span></span><br />
<span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: white;"><b><a href="http://www.linguee.es/espanol-ingles/search?source=auto&query=creditor">Creditor</a>:</b></span></span><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: white;"> Acreedor.</span></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<b><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><br />
</span></b></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<b><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="color: #20124d;">Unemployment benefit:</span></span></span></b><b> </b>Prestación por desempleo.</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<b><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="color: #20124d;">Unemployed jobseekers:</span></span></span></b><b> </b>Parados en búsqueda de empleo.</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="color: #20124d;"><b><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: white;">Elimination of the extension of 400 euros benefit for the unemployed:</span></span> </b></span><br />
La supresión del subsidio de 400 euros a los desempleados que han agotado su prestación.</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="color: #20124d;"><b><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: white;">Non-contributory unemployment <a href="http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/british/allowance_1?q=allowance">allowance</a>:</span></span></b></span><b> </b>Subsidio por desempleo no contributivo.<b><br />
</b></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<b><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="color: #20124d;">The unemployment rate:</span></span></span></b><b> </b>La tasa de desempleo.<b><br />
</b></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<b><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><br />
</span></b></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<b><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="color: #20124d;">Retirement:</span></span></span></b><b> </b>Jubilación.</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<b><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="color: #20124d;">Early retirement:</span></span></span></b><b> </b>Jubilación anticipada.</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="color: #20124d;"><b><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: white;"><a href="http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/british/retirement?q=retirement">Retirement</a> pension:</span></span></b></span><b> </b>Pensión de jubilación.</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<b><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="color: #20124d;">Increase in retirement age:</span></span></span></b><b> </b>Aumento de la edad de jubilación.</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<b><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="color: #990000;"><br />
</span></span></span></b></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<b><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="color: #20124d;">Cuts in salaries, pensions and social benefits:</span></span></span></b><b> </b>Recortes de salarios, pensiones y prestaciones sociales.</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<b><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="color: #20124d;">Public spending cuts:</span></span></span></b><b> </b>Recortes en el gasto público.<br />
<b><span style="color: #20124d;">Cuts in health care and education: </span></b>Recortes en sanidad y educación.<br />
<b><span style="color: #20124d;">Wages <a href="http://www.howjsay.com/index.php?word=stagnate&submit=Submit">stagnate</a> and costs rise: </span></b>Los sueldos se estancan y los costes se incrementan.<br />
<span style="color: #20124d;"><b>The gap between rich and poor has grown:</b></span> La brecha entre ricos y pobres ha aumentado.</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<b><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="color: #20124d;">The eurozone:</span></span></span></b><b> </b>La zona euro.</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="color: #20124d;"><span style="background-color: white;"><b><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: white;">The financial markets</span></span></b>:</span> </span>Los mercados financieros.</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="color: #20124d;"><span style="background-color: white;"><b><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: white;">The government's <a href="http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/british/austerity?q=austerity">austerity</a> programme:</span></span></b></span></span><span style="color: #990000;"><span style="background-color: white;"><b> </b></span></span>El programa de austeridad del gobierno.</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
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<span style="color: #20124d;"><b><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: white;"><a href="http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/british/purchasing-power?q=purchasing+power">Purchasing power</a>:</span></span></b></span><b> </b>Poder adquisitivo.</div>
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<b><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="color: #20124d;">Consumer spending:</span></span></span></b><b> </b>Gasto de los consumidores.<br />
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<b><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="color: #20124d;">A mortgage:</span></span></span></b><b> </b>Una hipoteca</div>
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<span style="color: #20124d;"><b>An <a href="http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/british/evict?q=eviction">eviction</a> order:</b></span><span style="color: #990000;"><b> </b></span>Orden de desahucio.</div>
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<span style="color: #20124d;"><b><span style="background-color: #93c47d;"><span style="background-color: white;">The <a href="http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/british/mortgage_1?q=mortgage">Mortgage</a> Act:</span></span></b></span><b> </b>La ley hipotecaria.<br />
<b><a href="http://www.linguee.es/espanol-ingles/search?source=auto&query=seized+assets">Seized assets</a>:</b> Bienes embargados.</div>
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<span style="color: #20124d;"><span style="background-color: white;"><b>The <a href="http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/british/budget_1?q=budget">budget</a> debate:</b></span></span><span style="background-color: white;"><b><span style="color: #990000;"> </span></b></span>El debate presupuestario.<br />
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<span style="color: #20124d;"><b><a href="http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/british/slush-fund?q=slush+fund">Slush fund</a>: </b></span>Fondo ilícito. (of a political party)<br />
<span style="color: #20124d;"><b>Undeclared or secret cash payments:</b> </span>Pagos "en negro".<br />
<span style="color: #20124d;"><b>Corruption <a href="http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/british/allegation?q=allegation">allegations</a>:</b></span><span style="color: #990000;"><b> </b></span>Acusaciones de corrupción.<br />
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<b><span style="color: #20124d;">Taxpayers:</span></b> Contribuyentes<br />
<b><span style="color: #20124d;"><a href="http://www.linguee.es/espanol-ingles?query=tax+haven&source=english">Tax havens</a>:</span></b> Paraísos fiscales<br />
<span style="color: #20124d;"><b>Wage-earners</b>: </span>Asalariados<br />
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<b><span style="color: #20124d;">Tax avoidance:</span></b> Elusión fiscal<br />
<b><span style="color: #20124d;"><a href="http://www.linguee.es/espanol-ingles/search?source=auto&query=tax+evasion">Tax evasion</a>: </span></b>
Evasión de impuestos
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<b><span style="color: #20124d;">Tax evader:</span></b> Evasor de impuestos<br />
<b><span style="color: #20124d;">Shell companies: </span></b><span style="font-size: x-small;"><i><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Companies set up by fraudulent operators as a front to conceal tax evasion schemes.</span></i></span> Empresas ficticias, empresas paja, empresas fantasma.<br />
<b><span style="color: #20124d;">Letter-box companies: </span></b><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Paper companies, shell companies or money box companies, i.e. companies which have compiled only with the bare essentials for organization and registration in a particular country. The actual commercial activities are carried out in another country</span></span>. <span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://oecd.org/">oecd.org</a></span>.<br />
Empresas pantalla, empresas buzón.<br />
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<b><span style="color: #660000;"><a href="http://albinet.com/articles/offshore-company/taxes">Differences between Tax Avoidance and Tax Evasion</a></span></b></div>
<b><span style="color: #660000;"><a href="http://aspconsultores.blogspot.com.es/2008/09/diferencia-entre-evasin-fiscal-y-elusin.html">Diferencia entre Evasión Fiscal y Elusión Fiscal</a></span></b>
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<b><span style="color: #660000;"><a href="http://www.escapeartist.com/OREQ24/Offshore_Tax_Havens.html">Obscure Tax Havens of the World</a></span></b><br />
<b><span style="color: #660000;"><a href="http://www.dw.de/the-whos-who-of-european-tax-havens/a-16753202">The 'who's who' of European tax havens</a></span></b><br />
<b><span style="color: #660000;"><a href="http://www.oroyfinanzas.com/2013/05/paraisos-fiscales-europa/">Los paraísos o refugios fiscales en Europa</a></span></b><br />
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<b><i>Cameron said he wanted to set an example to fellow G8 leaders by cracking down on British accountants, lawyers and business figures who use shell companies – often located in offshore tax havens – to hide the identity of ultimate beneficiaries: </i></b>David Cameron dijo que quería que su lucha contra tesoreros, abogados y figuras empresariales británicos que utilizan empresas ficticias, con frecuencia establecidas en paraísos fiscales, para ocultar la identidad de sus beneficiarios últimos, sirviera de ejemplo para los demás líderes del G8. <span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/politics/2013/jun/14/tax-secrecy-central-register-cameron">The Guardian</a></span>
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<b><span style="color: #20124d;">Profit-oriented business:</span></b> Empresa con ánimo de lucro.<br />
<b><span style="color: #20124d;">Non-profit oriented:</span></b> Sin ánimo de lucro.<br />
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<span style="color: #20124d;"><strong>When the housing bubble burst</strong>:</span> Cuando estalló la burbuja inmobiliaria...</div>
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<b>NOTE:</b> Difference between a downturn, a recession and a depression:</div>
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<u>Downturn</u>: a short-term decline in economic activity.</div>
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<u>Recession:</u> a significant decline in economic activity spread across the economy, lasting more than a few months. </div>
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<u>Depression:</u> a longer, more severe recession. </div>
El Blog para preparar el "writing" de la EOIhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16021124569609792366noreply@blogger.com4tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5854141052865681111.post-32106919369467440402013-01-28T13:40:00.001+01:002013-02-05T17:35:54.908+01:00Cómo aprender vocabulario<div style="text-align: justify;">
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgZCP0NSRnJhRlwePFbF1Vl5Mf8qfRCBdnmlEZTY38X9R9hir66VekA3lecSWPQmiNMS6YofQVys-3tyB1noyhvQi4rA3jOwQDvnn16vJILBFLcht9twZVhwWu67K_DhZ26wfI40-5HseE/s1600/londres1.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgZCP0NSRnJhRlwePFbF1Vl5Mf8qfRCBdnmlEZTY38X9R9hir66VekA3lecSWPQmiNMS6YofQVys-3tyB1noyhvQi4rA3jOwQDvnn16vJILBFLcht9twZVhwWu67K_DhZ26wfI40-5HseE/s320/londres1.JPG" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Foto: Loreto Navarro</td></tr>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Un error muy común cuando se escribe en otro idioma es redactar oraciones en nuestra lengua materna y traducir palabra por palabra. </span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></span><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">
</span></span><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">El resultado, sobre todo cuando las dos lenguas son tan distintas, suele ser un ininteligible galimatías, que a la postre ni es español ni es inglés.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Al aprender vocabulario, debemos recordar que </span></span><b><span style="background-color: #ffd966;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">las palabras no vienen solas</span></span></span></b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">, que llevan un bagaje que no podemos obviar. El bagaje de las palabras es no sólo su <strong><span style="background-color: #f1c232;">significado</span></strong>, <strong><span style="background-color: #f1c232;">pronunciación</span></strong> y </span></span><i><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><strong><span style="background-color: #f1c232;">spelling</span></strong></span></span></i><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">, sino también su <strong><span style="background-color: #f1c232;">contexto y registro</span></strong> (formal, coloquial). </span></span><br />
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</span></span><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Por tanto, no se trata de aprender palabras sueltas sino </span></span><i><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">phrases</span></span></i><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">, grupos de palabras, </span></span><i><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">idioms</span></span></i><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">, expresiones idiomáticas y en qué situaciones se utilizan. Tampoco se trata de traducir sino de pensar antes qué quiero expresar: duda, sugerencia, consejo, opinión, etc y cómo se expresarían éstos en inglés.</span></span><br />
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</span></span><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">En </span></span><a href="http://www.ihbristol.com/useful-english-expressions"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">este enlace</span></span></a><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"> podrás encontrar un sinfín de expresiones idiomáticas en inglés. La mayoría son del lenguaje hablado si bien algunas se pueden utilizar en el lenguaje escrito.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">En el anterior post, te recomendaba leer prensa, libros y escuchar documentales con el fin de recopilar vocabulario temático que utilizar en tus escritos. Pues bien, paralelamente vamos a ir recopilando términos, </span></span><i><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">idioms</span></span></i><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"> y </span></span><i><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">phrases</span></span></i><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"> en este blog, clasificados por temas de actualidad, para completar lo que llamaremos "</span></span><b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">banco léxico</span></span></b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">". </span></span><br />
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</span></span><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Esta tarea la realizaremos entre tod@s; de tal manera que, a través de los comentarios, puedes sugerir entradas al banco léxico que serán debidamente revisadas antes de incorporarlas al mismo.</span></span><br />
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</span></span><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">La idea es crear una herramienta que nos ayude a producir escritos en inglés idiomático y evitar el </span></span><i><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">spanglish</span></span></i><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"> en la medida de lo posible. Por supuesto, en el examen no dispondrás de ningún tipo de documentación, pero para entonces habrás practicado tanto el </span></span><i><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">writing </span></span></i><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">que no necesitarás ayuda alguna.</span></span><br />
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</span></span><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Bueno, pues manos a la obra. En el próximo post empezaremos con el tema </span></span><i><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">Business</span></span></i><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">, muy actual por la crisis económica que estamos padeciendo.</span></span><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"> </span></span></div>
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